Prof. Kurnaz erforscht die Anwendung islamischen Rechts auf moderne Herausforderungen, insbesondere auf technologische und gesellschaftliche Transformationen wie Transhumanismus und medizinische Innovationen. Er entwickelt dabei neue rechtliche und ethische Rahmen, die klassische islamische Rechtstraditionen mit gegenwärtigen Fragen verbinden — etwa durch die Analyse von Rechtsprinzipien (maqāṣid aš-šarīʿa) und deren Erneuerung für plurale Gesellschaften. Seine Arbeiten richten sich an Institutionen, die mit islamischen Gemeinschaften arbeiten (Sozialarbeit, Gesundheitswesen, Governance), sowie an Rechtspolitik und Religionswissenschaft. Methodisch nutzt er Textanalyse historischer Rechtsquellen und Netzwerkmodellierung, um die Entstehungsdynamiken islamischer Überlieferungen zu rekonstruieren.
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Prof. Dr. Serdar Kurnaz
HU-FIS-Profil ↗Linked Open Tafsir - Rekonstruktion der Entstehungs-dynamik(en) des Korans mithilfe der Netzwerkmodellierung früher islamischer Überlieferungen
university
Förderer: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt Zeitraum: 02/2021 - 08/2022 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Serdar Kurnaz
Förderer: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt Zeitraum: 05/2020 - 07/2022 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Mira Jasmin Sievers, Prof. Dr. Michael Borgolte, Prof. Dr. Serdar Kurnaz
Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies · DOI
The Islamic legal tradition states that God and his Prophet Muhammad teach true knowledge and practice through revelation. The discipline that engages with the revelatory sources and the derivation of norms and rules from them and extending them to related and new issues is Islamic law. In this discipline, religious scholars reflect on the legitimacy of the believers’ actions and categorize them accordingly. Societal and technological advancements are influencing this norm derivation process. For instance, medical technologies enable to cure diseases through e.g. medication and organ transplantation. As believers want to live up to certain principles of their religion, these developments require reflection from a (religious-)ethical point of view in order to determine under which circumstances to follow these developments is justified. Transhumanist enhancement, for instance, pose a challenge for this religious reflection, since it challenges the way of human existence and life as we experience(d) it in the history of humanity. After presenting the main principles and ethical bases of Islamic law, the article will discuss the Islamic legal concept of responsibility, physical integrity (ḥurma) and body with regard to transhumanistic challenges. The discussion will show that the bodily experience and existence of humans is one of the major aspects of the systematic of Islamic law. The idea of transcending the human body challenges the core systematic of Islamic law, including rituals like prayer, fasting, and pilgrimage. On the other hand, Islamic law has a structure that allows flexible and dynamic solutions that do not result automatically in a positive or negative evaluation of transhumanistic enhancement and allows interdisciplinary evaluation to which I will refer in three fictitious cases of transhumanistic enhancement. This will allow us to see that Islamic law is dependent on philosophical, theological, ethical, sociological, medical, and biological reflections on transhumanistic concepts that allows a plurality of approaches to transhumanism.
Hikma · DOI
Rechtsphilosophie · DOI
This article presents the internal structure of Islamic law and legal theory. Following the discourses of scholars since the 20th century, concepts of Islamic legal theory are increasingly coming into focus in order to find new ways and methods in the field of Islamic normative teaching that are able to accept the changing circumstances of modernity. These include, in particular, iǧtihād, the goals of the Sharia (maqāṣid aššarīʿa), or Islamic minority law (fiqh al-aqallīyāt). Modern Islamic legal theoretical approaches have in common the lack of systematic and legal-philosophical reflections. These can be found in part even in the pre-modern literature. There, topics of legal philosophy were discussed according to the internal structure of the so-called uṣūl al-fiqh (Islamic legal methodology and theory). The focus was on the doctrine of sources and the interpretation of religious legal sources. Only a few scholars deviated from this methodological approach. These include, for example, Abū Zayd ad-Dabūsī (d. 430/ 1039) from Samarkand. He located and systematized religious law within a rationalist epistemology and legal theory. Further, Ibn Rušd (d. 595/1198) looked for legal philosophical foundations in Aristotle’s philosophy. How can these theories be located in the realm of philosophy of law? How can Muslim legal theories make an innovative contribution with regard to ethics and, moreover, to general questions of legal philosophy? How can concepts of legal philosophy contribute to Islamic law? The article will deal with these and related questions.