Dr. Malte Belz
Profil
Forschungsthemen1
SFB 1412/2: Scheinbar freie (morpho)phonetische Variation (TP C06)
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sonderforschungsbereich Zeitraum: 01/2024 - 12/2027 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Anke Lüdeling, Dr. Malte Belz, Prof. Dr. Christine Mooshammer
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Publikationen25
Top 25 nach Zitationen — Quelle: OpenAlex (BAAI/bge-m3 embedded für Matching).
Language Resources and Evaluation · 20 Zitationen · DOI
This paper introduces a multi-layer corpus architecture with multiple tokenizations using the open source historical, diachronic corpus of German called Register in Diachronic German Science. The corpus contains herbal texts printed between the fifteenth and nineteenth centuries and is concerned with the development of a German scientific register, independent of Latin. We will discuss difficulties of transcribing, normalizing and annotating historical texts and will thereby argue for the advantages of multiple layers and multiple tokenizations. A virtually infinite number of annotations can be added to the corpus, without the need for deciding between or discarding interpretations. Thus, this flexible architecture enables multiple normalizations and types of annotation and is open to a wide range of research questions in the humanities. We provide case studies concerning the exploitation of our different normalizations as well as structural, register-specific and linguistic annotations. The corpus architecture allows for its reuse as a resource for corpus-based research approaches.
13 Zitationen · DOI
oder extralinguistische Gerusche wie Lachen, Husten, Ruspern, oder Pfeifen. Abbildung 1.1 stellt die in dieser Arbeit entwickelte und verwendete Formenhierarchie dar.
International Journal of Learner Corpus Research · 13 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract In this article, we explore the disfluencies of advanced learners and native speakers of German in spontaneous speech. We focus on the frequency, form, and place of silent and filled pauses as well as self-repairs. Frequency significantly differs for silent pauses only. As to form, the distribution for both filled pauses and repair types significantly differs between the groups, while the proportion of within-repair hesitations (‘interregna’) is similar. For the neighbouring tokens of filled pauses, learners adhere to the pattern of their native language English, which is significantly different from the pattern we find for native German. Our results indicate that for some aspects of disfluencies, it seems that learners can adapt to a native-like pattern, while others are imported from the L1. Still others are significantly different from both the target and the native pattern. We present different possible explanations for all these cases.
Languages · 12 Zitationen · DOI
The terms hesitation, planner, filler, and filled pause do not always refer to the same phonetic entities. This terminological conundrum is approached by investigating the observational, explanatory, and descriptive inadequacies of the terms in use. Concomitantly, the term filler particle is motivated and a definition is proposed that identifies its phonetic exponents and describes them within the linguistic category of particles. The definition of filler particles proposed here is grounded both theoretically and empirically and then applied to a corpus of spontaneous dialogues with 32 speakers of German, showing that in addition to the prototypical phonetic forms, there is a substantial amount of non-prototypical forms, i.e., 9.5%, comprising both glottal (e.g., [Ɂ]) and vocal forms (e.g., [ɛɸ], [j~ɛvə]). The grammatical classification and the results regarding the phonetic forms are discussed with respect to their theoretical relevance in filler particle research and corpus studies. The phonetic approach taken here further suggests a continuum of phonetic forms of filler particles, ranging from singleton segments to multi-syllabic entities.
Language and Speech · 6 Zitationen · DOI
Phrase-final lengthening affects the segments preceding a prosodic boundary. This prosodic variation is generally assumed to be independent of the phonemic identity. We refer to this as the 'uniform lengthening hypothesis' (ULH). However, in German, lax vowels do not undergo lengthening for word stress or shortening for increased speech rate, indicating that temporal properties might interact with phonemic identity. We test the ULH by comparing the effect of the boundary on acoustic and kinematic measures for tense and lax vowels and several coda consonants. We further examine if the boundary effect decreases with distance from the boundary. Ten native speakers of German were recorded by means of electromagnetic articulography (EMA) while reading sentences that contained six minimal pairs varying in vowel tenseness and boundary type. In line with the ULH, the results show that the acoustic durations of lax vowels are lengthened phrase-finally, similarly to tense vowels. We find that acoustic lengthening is stronger the closer the segments are to the boundary. Articulatory parameters of the closing movements toward the post-vocalic consonants are affected by both phrasal position and identity of the preceding vowel. The results are discussed with regard to the interaction between prosodic structure and vowel tenseness.
Zeitschrift für Germanistische Linguistik · 5 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract In this corpus-based study we explore three measurements of L2 fluency – articulation rate, filler particles, and pauses –, both within and between two registers of spontaneous dialogues spoken by Polish learners of German. The measurements are assessed both in toto (as calculated over the whole dialogue) and in parte (as calculated for specific sections). The sections are identified on a quantitative tier that divides the dialogue into four parts, and qualitatively on two linguistically-informed tiers, comprising sections based on dialogue move and task. We challenge the assessment of fluency as an average measurement over the entire dialogue, showing that a sectionwise analysis offers a better understanding of similarities and differences both within and between the two registers.
5 Zitationen
Journal of Phonetics · 4 Zitationen · DOI
Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) · 4 Zitationen
We investigate the pitch characteristics of filled pauses in order to distinguish between hesitational and floor-holding functions of filled pauses. A corpus of spontaneous dialogues is explored using a parametric bottom-up approach to extract intonation contours. We find that subjects tend to utter filled pauses more prominently when they cannot see each other, which indicates an increased floor-holding usage of filled pauses in this condition.
3 Zitationen · DOI
Open access LMU (Ludwid Maxmilian's Universitat Munchen) · 3 Zitationen · DOI
We investigate the pitch characteristics of filled pauses in order to distinguish between hesitational and floor-holding functions of filled pauses. A corpus of spontaneous dialogues is explored using a parametric bottom-up approach to extract intonation contours. We find that subjects tend to utter filled pauses more prominently when they cannot see each other, which indicates an increased floor-holding usage of filled pauses in this condition.
2 Zitationen · DOI
This paper investigates the intra-individual consistency in the production of filler particle frequencies and forms.The data consist of five non-native (L2) mid to high proficient speakers of German with English as first language.Each L2 speaker converses with five different German native (L1) speakers in task-based dialogues.The results show that the L2 speakers are rather consistent in the use of FP frequencies and forms across the five dialogues, with no obvious alignment for static measures such as mean FP frequency or the proportion of vocalicnasal and nasal FP forms.When tracing their relative FP frequencies over the course of the dialogue, some L2 speakers show convergence to L1, while others remain persistent.The data thus partly undergird the speaker-specificity of filler particles.It remains open whether observed convergence between L1 and L2 speakers in this data is due to alignment or happening coincidentally.
2 Zitationen · DOI
In diesem Open-Access-Buch wird untersucht, welche akustischen Eigenschaften Füllpartikeln wie äh und ähm in spontansprachlichen Dialogen des Deutschen zeigen und welche linguistischen Kontexte dabei auf welche Weise ihre akustische Form beeinflussen. Malte Belz betrachtet hierfür die phonetischen Parameter Dauer, Tonhöhe, Vokalqualität sowie Phonationsmodus und analysiert den Einfluss dreier granular verschiedener Kontextebenen auf die Form: die Mikroebene enthält Annotationen der adjazenten Laut- oder Pausenumgebung, die Mesoebene erfasst Intonationsphrasen und auf der Makroebene sind dialogstrukturelle Einheiten wie Fragen oder Antworten annotiert. Der Intonationsphrasenkontext übt den deutlichsten Effekt auf Füllpartikeln aus – so ist am Phrasenanfang ihr Vokal offener, während am Phrasenende ihre Dauer länger und ihre Tonhöhe tiefer ist. Dieses Ergebnis wird komplementiert durch Effekte auf der Mikroebene, während der Einfluss der Dialogstruktur inkonsistent bleibt. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt damit, dass die Realisierung von Füllpartikeln – wie andere Wörter auch – allgemeinen prosodischen Prinzipien folgt.
edoc Publication server (Humboldt University of Berlin) · 2 Zitationen · DOI
Diese Arbeit untersucht Disfluencies innerhalb von Reparaturen bei 16 Muttersprachlern (L1) und sechs fortgeschrittenen Lernern (L2) des Deutschen. Hierfür wird ein Korpus quasi-spontansprachlicher Wegbeschreibungsdaten (BeMaTaC) mit Reparaturkategorien annotiert. Zugrunde liegt ein dreiteiliges Reparaturschema mit Reparandum, Interregnum und Reparans. Das fakultative Interregnum enthält alle Disfluency-Phänomene, die zwischen Reparandum und Reparans stehen (bspw. gefüllte und ungefüllte Pausen). Das Schema lässt also auch direkte Reparaturen ohne Interregnum zu. Im Reparans werden zusätzlich Wiederholungen, Ersetzungen und Einfügungen als Subreparaturphänomene betrachtet. Aus der Literatur ergeben sich die Hypothesen, dass Lerner mehr Interregna als Muttersprachler verwenden sollten und dass die eingenommene Gesprächsrolle in der Wegbeschreibungsaufgabe (Instructor vs. Instructee) einen Einfluss auf die Existenz von Interregna hat. Explorativ wird untersucht, welchen Einfluss Subreparaturen auf die Existenz eines Interregnums vor dem Reparans ausüben, und ob L1 und L2 oder die verwendeten Wortarten im Reparans dabei eine Rolle spielen. Die Auswertung zeigt, dass Muttersprachler und Lerner sich hinsichtlich der Häufigkeit von Interregna innerhalb ihrer Reparaturen anscheinend nicht mehr unterscheiden. Auch die Rolle im Gespräch hat keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf das Vorhandensein eines Interregnums. Die Reparaturstrukturen von Lernern mit Interregnum ähneln denen der Muttersprachler ohne Interregnum. Vor Wiederholungen oder Substitutionen wird die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines Interregnums sowohl in L1 als auch in L2 signifikant geringer, was auf eine leichtere kognitive Verarbeitbarkeit dieser Subreparaturen schließen lässt.
JASA Express Letters · 1 Zitationen · DOI
This exploratory study compared vowel space area (VSA) in face-to-face situations and video conference situations using the software Zoom. Twenty native German participants read word lists recorded before and after spontaneous conversation. The overall VSA in Zoom was reduced significantly by 11.9%, with a more reduced VSA before and less reduction after the spontaneous conversation. Of nine peripheral vowels in German, /aː iː yː/ showed a significantly reduced Euclidean distance to the centroid of the vowel space. The observed hypoarticulation is discussed in light of the experimental setup, situational differences, and less involvement in Zoom than in face-to-face situations.
edoc Publication server (Humboldt University of Berlin) · 1 Zitationen · DOI
Diese Dokumentation enthält eine Zusammenfassung des Berlin Dialogue Corpus (BeDiaCo) v1. Weiterhin werden das verwendete Annotationsschema, die Annotationsebenen und die für die Analyse verwendete Datenbank beschrieben. BeDiaCo v1 enthält acht freie spontansprachliche Dialoge deutscher Muttersprachler*innen sowie gelesene Wortlisten. Das Korpus ist über das Medienrepositorium der HU verfügbar.
edoc Publication server (Humboldt University of Berlin) · 1 Zitationen · DOI
Dieses R-Skript ersetzt ein vorhandenes Audiosignal (wav-Datei) an gekennzeichneten Intervallen eines Praat-TextGrids mit einem 200Hz-Ton. Dies ermöglicht die Pseudonymisierung von personenbezogenem Sprachmaterial.
edoc Publication server (Humboldt University of Berlin) · 1 Zitationen · DOI
Diese Annotationsrichtlinie schlägt ein Schema zur phonetischen Annotation von Füllpartikeln und ihres Kontexes mithilfe einer Mehr-Ebenen-Annotation vor und demonstriert es anhand dreier Beispiele. Das Schema kann prinzipiell auf andere Sprachen übertragen werden. Es enthält ausführliche tabellarische Beschreibungen der Annotationswerte und ihrer Beziehung zu Werten auf anderen Ebenen.
Open MIND
Scripts and dataframes
This study provides a preliminary report on a large inter-annotator agreement experiment where 23 expert annotators from various research backgrounds identified and labelled disfluencies in the same speech sample. Each annotator was instructed to analyze the sample according to the framework (definitions, segmentation, labels, etc.) they typically use. The annotations were then processed and compared across three different dimensions: 1) the scope of the chosen typology and the definitions within, 2) the implementation of the typology in terms of annotation tiers and labels, and 3) the temporal alignment of the annotations. Preliminary findings reveal that there are substantial variations between annotators on various levels of annotation. The lack of a common standard becomes particularly evident in more complex segments, such as repairs.<br>
Open MIND · DOI
In spontaneous speech, German first-person singular verbs can be realised with or without final schwa, e.g. *ich male* ‘I paint’ can be pronounced as [ʔɪç ˈmaː.lə] with schwa or as [ʔɪç ˈmaːl] without schwa. Although the conventional form in written German is the variant with schwa, verb-final schwa is less frequently realised in German spontaneous speech (Kohler & Rodgers 2001). However, certain situational factors such as the presence of a non-native addressee might lead to a pronunciation closer to written language – thus leading to more frequent realisations of word-final schwa. In this corpus-based study, we employ a mixed design to compare whether participants realise schwa more or less frequently in verbal inflectional suffixes depending on two different conditions: speaking to a non-native addressee compared to a German native addressee (condition ADDRESSEE) and conversing via the video-conference tool Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, Inc., San Jose, CA) compared to a face-to-face dialogue (condition CHANNEL). Although it has been shown that speakers tend to shift into the non-native addressee register (NNAR) to accommodate their interlocutors’ (presumed) need for pronunciation closer to the prescribed norm in written language (Bradlow & Bent 2002, Campbell-Kibler 2010, Roche 1998), it remains unclear whether this effect can be found for non-native addressees with mid to high proficiency in German. Furthermore, how NNAR interacts with other registers such as the channel of communication is also unknown. Our understanding of register follows the model of Lüdeling et al. (2024), according to which register refers to a complex of situational parameters and linguistic phenomena. In a previous study (Lange et al. 2024), we examined the influence of the parameter SITUATION on the phenomenon of schwa realisation by comparing the variants task-solving and free dialogue. In the current follow-up study we focus on the parameters ADDRESSEE and CHANNEL. We will take into account the interaction of situational factors as well as the possibility that a linguistic phenomenon can itself be a situational parameter. For instance, if the interlocutor does not produce schwas themselves, does the speaker then align with this? We use version 2 (to be published) of the Corpus of Non-Native Addressee Register (CoNNAR, v1: Lüdeling et al. 2023).
Open Science Framework · DOI
Scripts and dataframes
Open MIND · DOI
Zeitschrift für Germanistische Linguistik · DOI
Abstract In this paper, we discuss how silent intervals – typically referred to as pauses, silences, gaps, and Schweigen – can be annotated in speech corpora. ( Schweigen could be loosely translated as ‚deliberate silence‘, but we argue that the concept has more connotations.) This issue is closely tied to aspects of form (which exponents are annotated?) and function (which categories are annotated?) of these phenomena. We demonstrate that there is an n:m mapping between forms and functions of silences, pauses, gaps, and Schweigen , and we will discuss how these categorizations may differ depending on the research question. For any silent interval, i. e., one of missing verbalization, in a speech corpus, we argue that: – it does not need to be acoustically silent; – it does not need to be intentional or semantically loaded; – it can have different, and multiple, functions, which are not always separable; – some of its functions overlap with those of other speech phenomena. We also argue that the form and function properties of silent intervals need to be covered on multiple independent annotation levels. The layout of this paper follows the decision sequence necessary for each annotation, starting with a definition of forms, followed by a definition of functions, ultimately leading to the mapping of concrete instances of silent intervals to possible functions
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Stammdaten
Identität, Organisation und Kontakt aus HU-FIS.
- Name
- Dr. Malte Belz
- Titel
- Dr.
- Fakultät
- Sprach- und literaturwissenschaftliche Fakultät
- Institut
- Institut für deutsche Sprache und Linguistik
- Arbeitsgruppe
- Sprachwissenschaft des Deutschen: Phonetik / Phonologie
- Telefon
- +49 30 2093-85164
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- 26.4.2026, 01:02:31