Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
Profil
Forschungsthemen11
Agents of Change: Towards an Integrated Framework for Climate Change Impact Assessments for International Market Systems with Long-Term Investments
Quelle ↗Zeitraum: 01/2010 - 09/2015 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
China's climate and horticulture science sectors
Quelle ↗Zeitraum: 12/2009 - 09/2010 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
Fortschritte in der phänologischen Modellierung auf der Basis metabolomischer Ansätze
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 07/2014 - 12/2017 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
Honigbienen im Klimawandel
Quelle ↗Zeitraum: 09/2015 - 01/2019 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
klimatischen Veränderungen in Goldisthal (Thüringen)
Quelle ↗Zeitraum: 03/2010 - 03/2010 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
Klimawandel in Hessen - Chancen, Risiken und Kosten für den Obst- und Weinbau
Quelle ↗Zeitraum: 11/2009 - 10/2013 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
Klimawandel und Obstbau in Deutschland (KliO)
Quelle ↗Förderer: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt Zeitraum: 07/2006 - 06/2009 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
KliWEP-Phänologie - Forstmodul
Quelle ↗Zeitraum: 09/2006 - 11/2006 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
KliWEP Phänologie - Landwirtschaft
Quelle ↗Zeitraum: 10/2006 - 10/2007 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
Mögliche Auswirkungen klimatischer Veränderungen auf die Vegetationsentwicklung in Sachsen - KLIVEG
Quelle ↗Förderer: Land Sachsen Zeitraum: 12/2002 - 12/2005 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
Profiling als Methode zur Identifikation relevanter Metabolite für die phänologische Modellierung
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 01/2020 - 12/2022 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
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- Systematic Models for Biological Systems Engineering Training NetworkP57.5%
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Protatuans-Etaireia Ereynas Viotechologias Monoprosopi Etaireia Periorisments Eythinis
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Publikationen25
Top 25 nach Zitationen — Quelle: OpenAlex (BAAI/bge-m3 embedded für Matching).
Global Change Biology · 3124 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract Global climate change impacts can already be tracked in many physical and biological systems; in particular, terrestrial ecosystems provide a consistent picture of observed changes. One of the preferred indicators is phenology, the science of natural recurring events, as their recorded dates provide a high‐temporal resolution of ongoing changes. Thus, numerous analyses have demonstrated an earlier onset of spring events for mid and higher latitudes and a lengthening of the growing season. However, published single‐site or single‐species studies are particularly open to suspicion of being biased towards predominantly reporting climate change‐induced impacts. No comprehensive study or meta‐analysis has so far examined the possible lack of evidence for changes or shifts at sites where no temperature change is observed. We used an enormous systematic phenological network data set of more than 125 000 observational series of 542 plant and 19 animal species in 21 European countries (1971–2000). Our results showed that 78% of all leafing, flowering and fruiting records advanced (30% significantly) and only 3% were significantly delayed, whereas the signal of leaf colouring/fall is ambiguous. We conclude that previously published results of phenological changes were not biased by reporting or publication predisposition: the average advance of spring/summer was 2.5 days decade −1 in Europe. Our analysis of 254 mean national time series undoubtedly demonstrates that species' phenology is responsive to temperature of the preceding months (mean advance of spring/summer by 2.5 days°C −1 , delay of leaf colouring and fall by 1.0 day°C −1 ). The pattern of observed change in spring efficiently matches measured national warming across 19 European countries (correlation coefficient r =−0.69, P <0.001).
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 848 Zitationen · DOI
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 536 Zitationen · DOI
International Journal of Biometeorology · 257 Zitationen · DOI
Climate Research · 227 Zitationen · DOI
CR Climate Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials CR 19:257-264 (2002) - doi:10.3354/cr019257 Annual and spatial variability of the beginning of growing season in Europe in relation to air temperature changes Frank-M. Chmielewski*, Thomas Rötzer Humboldt University Berlin, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, Institute of Crop Sciences, Subdivision of Agricultural Meteorology, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 5, 14195 Berlin, Germany *E-mail: chmielew@agrar.hu-berlin.de ABSTRACT: To investigate the annual and spatial variability in the beginning of growing season across Europe, phenological data of the International Phenological Gardens for the period 1969-1998 were used. The beginning of growing season (BGS) was defined as an average leaf unfolding index of 4 tree species (Betula pubescens, Prunus avium, Sorbus aucuparia and Ribes alpinum). The study shows significant changes in the mean air temperatures from February to April and in the average BGS in Europe since 1989. In the last decade the mean temperature in early spring increased by 0.8°C. As a result the average BGS advanced by 8 d. Between 1989 and 1998 8 out of 10 years tend towards an earlier onset of spring. The earliest date was observed in 1990. The relationships between air temperature and the beginning of growing season across Europe were investigated by canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The spatial variability of both fields can be described by 3 pairs of CCA patterns. The first pattern, which explains most of the variance, shows a uniform structure with above (below) normal temperatures in whole Europe and consequently an advanced (delayed) beginning of growing season. The other 2 patterns show regional differences in the anomaly fields. Whereas the second CCA pattern has a meridional structure, the third pattern shows a zonal distribution. In all cases the anomalies of the regional air temperature and of the beginning of growing season correspond very well. The correlation coefficients between the anomaly fields range between 0.90 and 0.66. For all patterns appropriate examples in the observed data were found. KEY WORDS: Phenology · Growing season · Climate change · Air temperature · Canonical correlation analysis Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in CR Vol. 19, No. 3. Online publication date: January 16, 2002 Print ISSN: 0936-577X; Online ISSN: 1616-1572 Copyright © 2002 Inter-Research.
Climate Research · 225 Zitationen · DOI
CR Climate Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials CR 18:249-257 (2001) - doi:10.3354/cr018249 Phenological maps of Europe Thomas Rötzer*, Frank-M. Chmielewski Institute of Crop Sciences, Subdivision of Agricultural Meteorology, College of Agriculture and Horticulture, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 5, 14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany *E-mail: thomasroetzer@web.de ABSTRACT: The geographical distribution of the timings of phenological phases is a precondition for detecting regional trends of the annual timings of phenological phases and finding their relationships to climate changes. Therefore phenological maps of Europe have been computed showing long-term means, trends and annual timings of extreme years. In this article maps of the beginning, the end and the length of the growing season as means over the years 1961-1998 as well as for the warm year 1990 are presented. Strong dependences on altitude, longitude and latitude were computed both for single phenological phases and the beginning and end of the growing season. The goodness of fit for the regression equation was between 32% for the end and 83% for the beginning of growing season. The results were consistent with those of similar investigations. KEY WORDS: Phenology · Maps · Growing season · GIS · Europe Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in CR Vol. 18, No. 3. Online publication date: November 02, 2001 Print ISSN: 0936-577X; Online ISSN: 1616-1572 Copyright © 2001 Inter-Research.
Agronomy for Sustainable Development · 101 Zitationen · DOI
Grain legumes produce high-quality protein for food and feed, and potentially contribute to sustainable cropping systems, but they are grown on only 1.5% of European arable land. Low temporal yield stability is one of the reasons held responsible for the low proportion of grain legumes, without sufficient quantitative evidence. The objective of this study was to compare the yield stability of grain legumes with other crop species in a northern European context and accounting for the effects of scale in the analysis and the data. To avoid aggregation biases in the yield data, we used data from long-term field experiments. The experiments included grain legumes (lupin, field pea, and faba bean), other broad-leaved crops, spring, and winter cereals. Experiments were conducted in the UK, Sweden, and Germany. To compare yield stability between grain legumes and other crops, we used a scale-adjusted yield stability indicator that accounts for the yield differences between crops following Taylor's Power Law. Here, we show that temporal yield instability of grain legumes (30%) was higher than that of autumn-sown cereals (19%), but lower than that of other spring-sown broad-leaved crops (35%), and only slightly greater than spring-sown cereals (27%). With the scale-adjusted yield stability indicator, we estimated 21% higher yield stability for grain legumes compared to a standard stability measure. These novel findings demonstrate that grain legume yields are as reliable as those of other spring-sown crops in major production systems of northern Europe, which could influence the current negative perception on grain legume cultivation. Initiatives are still needed to improve the crops agronomy to provide higher and more stable yields in future.
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 91 Zitationen · DOI
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 85 Zitationen · DOI
Meteorologische Zeitschrift · 81 Zitationen · DOI
Five phenological models (M1-M5) were examined with respect to their suitability to calculate the beginning of apple blossom in Germany, the most important fruit crop in Western Europe. Blossoming is the most sensitive period, e.g.to frost, and determines the fruit set of the apple trees. Phenological observations and temperature data from the German Weather Service in the period 1961-2005 were used to fit these five models. For the calculations data from, 5,630 phenological and 523 temperature stations were attributed to a 10 km x 10 km grid using second order universal kriging. Model parameters were optimised on 3,672 grid points for the nationwide approach for Germany and on 148 points for 11 fruit growing regions. Root mean square errors (RMSE) between modelled and observed apple blossom data varied from 4.2 to 5.0 days for the internal and from 4.6 to 5.6 days for the external verification on the basis of phenological records from three fruit growing research centres. The very simple statistical model approach M5 had the advantage of causing the least effort to calculate the bloom date, but it never performed better than any of the best mechanistic models M1-M4. Also, the 'thermal time model' M1 and the sequential model M2 were both easy to handle which makes them a preferable choice for predictions and management decisions in apple orchards. These two models M1 and M2 are also suitable to be implemented in yield models and water budget models in order to replace the use of fixed developmental stages by dynamical calculations. The two combined chilling/forcing models M2 - a sequential model - and M3 - a parallel model - exhibited the lowest average RMSE. Both models (M2 and M3) could preferably be used to project the impact of climate change on the beginning of apple blossom, since these models can compensate a possible lack of chilling by a higher demand for forcing. The present study showed that a) all five models were able to calculate the beginning of blossom for a wider range of apple cultivars, and b) the beginning of apple blossom has moved forward since 1989 due to climate change. The successful modelling of the beginning of apple blossom can be transferred to other fruit crops, which are more sensitive to frost events such as pear, apricot, etc.
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 72 Zitationen · DOI
International Journal of Biometeorology · 67 Zitationen · DOI
Global Change Biology · 63 Zitationen · DOI
Spring phenology of temperate trees has advanced worldwide in response to global warming. However, increasing temperatures may not necessarily lead to further phenological advance, especially in the warmer latitudes because of insufficient chilling and/or shorter day length. Determining the start of the forcing phase, that is, when buds are able to respond to warmer temperatures in spring, is therefore crucial to predict how phenology will change in the future. In this study, we used 4,056 leaf-out date observations during the period 1969-2017 for clones of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) planted in 63 sites covering a large latitudinal gradient (from Portugal ~41°N to Norway ~63°N) at the International Phenological Gardens in order to (a) evaluate how the sensitivity periods to forcing and chilling have changed with climate warming, and (b) test whether consistent patterns occur along biogeographical gradients, that is, from colder to warmer environments. Partial least squares regressions suggest that the length of the forcing period has been extended over the recent decades with climate warming in the colder latitudes but has been shortened in the warmer latitudes for both species, with a more pronounced shift for beech. We attribute the lengthening of the forcing period in the colder latitudes to earlier opportunities with temperatures that can promote bud development. In contrast, at warmer or oceanic climates, the beginning of the forcing period has been delayed, possibly due to insufficient chilling. However, in spite of a later beginning of the forcing period, spring phenology has continued to advance at these areas due to a faster satisfaction of heat requirements induced by climate warming. Overall, our results support that ongoing climate warming will have different effects on the spring phenology of forest trees across latitudes due to the interactions between chilling, forcing and photoperiod.
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science · 63 Zitationen · DOI
The Humboldt-University of Berlin conducts several long-term field trials designed to assess the effects of tillage methods, crop rotations, organic fertilization, mineral nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, liming, irrigation, and weather conditions. On silty sand soils shallow ploughing resulted in a distinct accumulation of soil organic matter and phosphorus in the tilled soil layer while potassium and pH values were unaffected. On average shallow ploughing increased yields, with a tendency for higher yields in spring crops and lower yields in winter cereals. Different amounts of organic and mineral fertilizers applied over 30 years resulted in a great differentiation in soil organic matter content. In the following 32 years this variation stayed more or less unchanged, but with an overall reduction in the carbon content. In variants in which phosphate and potassic fertilizers were omitted, 16 kg ha—1 P and 15 kg ha—1 K per year were still being mobilized in the soil after 60 years. In treatments with mineral fertilization, the phosphorus is nearly balanced whilst only 60 % of the potassium is withdrawn from the soil. Additional organic fertilizers, given as farm yard manure, led to a nutrient surplus of 19 kg ha—1 a—1 P and 99 kg ha—1 a—1 K. Omitted liming caused an acidification of the soil to such an extent that crop production became impossible. Bodenbearbeitungs- und Düngeeffekte in Sandböden — Übersicht der Dauerfeldversuche an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Die Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin verfügt über langjährige Dauerfeldversuche, mit denen die Wirkungen unterschiedlicher Bodenbearbeitung, Fruchtfolge, organischer Düngung, mineralischer Stickstoff-, Phosphor- und Kalidüngung, Kalkung, Beregnung sowie der Witterung geprüft werden. Dauerhaft verminderte Pflugtiefe hat auf mittel-schluffigem Sandboden in Berlin-Dahlem zur Humus- und Phosphoranreicherung in der bearbeiteten Krume geführt, während der Kaliumgehalt und der pH-Wert davon weitgehend unbeeinflusst blieben. Bei flacher Bodenbearbeitung wurden im Mittel tendenziell höhere Erträge erzielt, wobei Fruchtarten der Sommerung Mehrerträge erreichten und Wintergetreide eher negativ reagierte. Differenzierte organisch-mineralische Düngung am Standort Thyrow hat im Verlauf von 30 Versuchsjahren zu Unterschieden im Gehalt an organischem Kohlenstoff von bis zu 75% geführt. Nach sechs Jahrzehnten unterlassener P- und K-Düngung wurden jährlich durchschnittlich noch 16kg ha—1 P und 15 kg ha—1 K mobilisiert. Bei ausschließlicher Mineraldüngung war die P-Bilanz nahezu ausgeglichen, während die gedüngte K-Menge nur zu 60 % entzogen wurde. Zusätzliche organische Düngung als Stallmist führte im langjährigen Mittel zu Nährstoffüberschüssen in Höhe von 19 kg ha—1 a—1 P und 99 kg ha—1 a—1 K. Bei unterlassener Kalkung des Bodens versauerte der Boden so stark, dass seine pflanzenbauliche Nutzung nicht mehr möglich ist.
International Journal of Climatology · 56 Zitationen · DOI
ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to investigate the temporal and spatial variability of last spring and first autumn frost events as well as the length of the frost‐free season (FFS) in Central Europe in relation to atmospheric circulation. Studies were conducted for the period 1951–2010 using gridded, daily minimum air temperature data obtained from the E‐ OBS dataset at 0.25° spatial resolution. To assess the possible impact of air temperature variability on plants, late spring frost events and severe frost events were also examined with respect to the beginning of the thermal growing season. The role of atmospheric circulation was described using Grosswetterlagen circulation types and NAO index, and finally estimated using empirical orthogonal function analysis ( EOF ). The results confirm a significant increase in the length of the FFS, up to 10 days per decade in the western parts of Europe. This is mostly a result of earlier occurrence of last spring frost in the west up to 5 days. The occurrence of first autumn frost shows no significant trend in most of the studied regions. The obtained spatial pattern of the trends reflects oceanic (west) and continental (east) climatic conditions of the study area. Detailed analysis of circulation types favouring the occurrence of frost in Central Europe indicates that anti‐cyclonic situations are mainly responsible. EOF analyses for the springtime confirm that the first mode, which accounts for 56% of total variance, is related to an extensive high pressure system over eastern Ukraine and Belarus, which brings an inflow of cold, continental air masses to Central Europe. The results provide a broaden information on the region climatologically important due to its transitional location, which may be relevant for investigating past and future trends in spring freeze risk for perennial crops, as changes in the frequency of these airflow patterns will result in changes in the risk of frost damage.
International Journal of Biometeorology · 56 Zitationen · DOI
Tasks for vegetation science · 49 Zitationen · DOI
41 Zitationen · DOI
Australian Journal of Crop Science · 39 Zitationen
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of drought stress on four sunflower genotypes (Tarsan, Sanbro, TR-3080 and DKF-2525) and the relationship between some physiological and phenological characters at 30% (drought stress) and 60% (well-watered) irrigation from soil water capacity. Stress treatment was started from the emergence until R1 stage (bud visible) under the controlled conditions of greenhouse. The results showed that plants responses in some parameters such as leaf, stem and total dry weight, total leaf area, young fully developed leaf area, plant height, WUE (water use efficiency), RWC (relative water content), SLW (specific leaf weight) and Delta13C isotope (carbon isotope discrimination) are gradually declined under drought stress condition. On the other hand, some responses such as to proline content and chlorophyll of leaves are increased at the same drought condition. The highly significant relationships were found between both WUE and Delta13C isotope and proline, especially under drought condition. Generally, sunflower genotypes with lower SLW (leaf thickness) showed higher water content than those with higher SLW mainly due to highly negative relationship with RWC, under drought stress condition. However, the Sanbro cultivar can be used as a parental genotype in sunflower breeding programs due to its high RWC, WUE, total dry weight, high proline accumulation and low Delta13C isotope under drought stress conditions. Our study suggested that selection for WUE using indirect Delta13C isotope can presumably be of great value in sunflower breeding programs aimed at developing drought tolerant genotypes. It can also be confirmed that measuring young fully developed leaf area can be enough to determine the leaf area because there is a close correlation between total leaf area and the young fully developed leaves on a plant in both normal and drought conditions.
Scientia Horticulturae · 38 Zitationen · DOI
International Journal of Biometeorology · 36 Zitationen · DOI
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 36 Zitationen · DOI
Molecules · 35 Zitationen · DOI
Many biochemical processes are involved in regulating the consecutive transition of different phases of dormancy in sweet cherry buds. An evaluation based on a metabolic approach has, as yet, only been partly addressed. The aim of this work, therefore, was to determine which plant metabolites could serve as biomarkers for the different transitions in sweet cherry buds. The focus here was on those metabolites involved in oxidation-reduction processes during bud dormancy, as determined by targeted and untargeted mass spectrometry-based methods. The metabolites addressed included phenolic compounds, ascorbate/dehydroascorbate, reducing sugars, carotenoids and chlorophylls. The results demonstrate that the content of phenolic compounds decrease until the end of endodormancy. After a long period of constancy until the end of ecodormancy, a final phase of further decrease followed up to the phenophase open cluster. The main phenolic compounds were caffeoylquinic acids, coumaroylquinic acids and catechins, as well as quercetin and kaempferol derivatives. The data also support the protective role of ascorbate and glutathione in the para- and endodormancy phases. Consistent trends in the content of reducing sugars can be elucidated for the different phenophases of dormancy, too. The untargeted approach with principle component analysis (PCA) clearly differentiates the different timings of dormancy giving further valuable information.
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 35 Zitationen · DOI
34 Zitationen · DOI
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- Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Frank-M. Chmielewski
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- Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil.
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- Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät
- Institut
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften
- Arbeitsgruppe
- Pflanzenbau
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- +49 30 2093-46395
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