Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

Profil

• Aufklärung epigenetischer Modifikation als Einflussfaktor auf den Fettansatz und die Körperfettverteilung in der Berliner Fettmaus als Modelltier

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 10/2012 - 11/2018 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Aufklärung genetischer Ursachen für differenzierte Muskelmerkmale, insbesondere Wasserbindevermögen, unter Nutzung selektierter Mauslinien

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 09/2007 - 02/2014 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Aufklärung molekularer Mechanismen, die am jObes1 Lokus den juvenilen Fettansatz in der Berliner Fettmaus verursachen

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 12/2018 - 09/2023 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Auswirkungen von Diät, Bewegung und genetischer Veranlagung auf den Fettansatz in der BFM-Maus

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt Zeitraum: 06/2008 - 12/2011 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Bereitstellung tierzüchterischer Marker für die Verbesserung der Züchtung innerhalb der gefährdeten Rasse DSN zur besonders tiergerechten und nachhaltigen Produktion tierischer Erzeugnisse

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung Zeitraum: 05/2016 - 12/2023 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Bestimmung genetischer Variation mit Einfluss auf Leistungsmerkmale beim Geflügel

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 09/2007 - 12/2011 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Biodiversität des Arabischen Pferdes in Syrien

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 01/2014 - 12/2018 Projektleitung: Monika Reißmann, Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Einfluß von Genomvarianten auf die Fruchtbarkeit beim Schwein

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 11/2006 - 12/2011 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Entwicklung eines SNP-Chips zur Zuchtwertschätzung und zum Diversitätsmanagement für das Deutsche Schwarzbunte Niederungsrind

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung Zeitraum: 04/2019 - 01/2023 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Genetic and biophysical investigation of the relationship between muscle characteristics and obesity

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt Zeitraum: 01/2009 - 03/2012 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Genetic Variation of Kappa-Casein in Sudanese Goats

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung Zeitraum: 08/2015 - 10/2018 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Genomanalyse beim Kaninchen zur Kartierung und Charakterisierung von QTL und Kandidatengenen für Schlachtleistung, Fleischqualität und Fruchtbarkeit

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 08/2005 - 12/2011 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• German Network for Systems Genetics (GeNeSys), WP7: Obesity and activation of the immune system

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 04/2007 - 09/2010 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• GRK 1208/2: Molecular Mechanisms Leading to a Distortion of Hormonal Regulation and Energy Imbalance as a Result of Selection and Excessive Energy Supply in the Berlin Fat Mouse Line

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Graduiertenkolleg Zeitraum: 04/2010 - 09/2016 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• GRK 1208: Hormonal adaptation to metabolic changes as result of selection and excessive energy supply in the Berlin fat mouse line

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Graduiertenkolleg Zeitraum: 10/2005 - 03/2010 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• HOCHDURCHSATZ-SNP-TYPISIERUNG FÜR DIE GENOMISCHE SELEKTION BEIM RIND, ASSOZIATIONSSTUDIEN UND POPULATIONSGENETISCHE ANALYSEN DES RINDERGENOMS

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt Zeitraum: 03/2008 - 05/2011 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Identifikation neuer Kandidatenregionen für Insulinresistenz und Adipositas in einer fortgeschrittenen Kreuzungspopulation aus Berliner Fettmaus und C57BL/6N durch Verwendung von MiniMUGA-Chips und „LMM MQM time series analysis“

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Wirtschaftsunternehmen / gewerbliche Wirtschaft Zeitraum: 05/2019 - 04/2025 Projektleitung: Dr. rer. nat. Deike Hesse-Wilting, Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Identifikation von neuen Kandidatengenen für Insulinsensitivität und Insulinresistenz in der Berliner Fettmaus

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Eigene Stelle (Sachbeihilfe) Zeitraum: 09/2018 - 12/2023 Projektleitung: Dr. rer. nat. Deike Hesse-Wilting

• Identifizierung von Genomvarianten mit Einfluss auf die Wurfgröße beim Schwein

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 08/2006 - 07/2008 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Kopplungsanalysen zur Fruchtbarkeit bei der Maus

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 07/2004 - 11/2008 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Krankheitsbekämpfung durch Genomforschung, NeuroNetwork "Adipositas und verwandte Erkrankungen", Teilprojekt: Identifizierung natürlicher, mit Fettansatz gekoppelter genetischer Variation bei der Maus

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt Zeitraum: 09/2004 - 05/2008 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Methodologische Aspekte der Nährwertevaluierung von Fischfutterbestandteilen

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 04/2014 - 09/2017 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann, Prof. Dr. Katheline Hua

• Milchproteingene in sudanesischen Milchrindrassen

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG sonstige Programme Zeitraum: 01/2012 - 09/2012 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Optimierung der Fettsäureanalyse im Rinderhaar als Marker für die Energieversorgung und das Tierwohl zur Verbesserung ihrer Anwendbarkeit beim Milchrind

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Landwirtschaftliche Rentenbank Zeitraum: 01/2017 - 07/2021 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• SFB 852-I: The effect of dietary supplementation of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 and zinc on signaling gene regulation in the immune response of mesenteric lymph nodes in piglets

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Sonderforschungsbereich Zeitraum: 01/2010 - 12/2014 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Statuserhebung zur genetischen Diversität in sächsischen Nutztierpopulationen am Beispiel Schwein

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 12/2008 - 09/2010 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Systematisches Screening nach quantitativen Merkmalsgenen (QTG) mit Einfluss auf Wachstum und Fettansatz in extremen Mauslinien

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 10/2003 - 03/2007 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• UfIB: Etablierung und Anwendung von In-Vitro-Methoden zur Untersuchung immunomodulatorischer Wirkungen von zootechnischen Futterzusatzstoffen beim Huhn

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt Zeitraum: 03/2019 - 12/2022 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Untersuchungen zur Erhöhung der Lebensleistung beim Rind

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Wirtschaftsunternehmen / gewerbliche Wirtschaft Zeitraum: 11/2005 - 12/2006 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Wechselwirkung zwischen Veranlagung, Erregerspektrum und Erkrankung an Mastitis

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: Andere inländische Stiftungen Zeitraum: 04/2017 - 03/2020 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

• Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH

  KPT

  138 Treffer85.0%
  • UfIB: Etablierung und Anwendung von In-Vitro-Methoden zur Untersuchung immunomodulatorischer Wirkungen von zootechnischen Futterzusatzstoffen beim Huhn
    K

    85.0%

• RBB Rinderproduktion Berlin Brandenburg GmbH

  KPT

  128 Treffer85.0%
  • Bereitstellung tierzüchterischer Marker für die Verbesserung der Züchtung innerhalb der gefährdeten Rasse DSN zur besonders tiergerechten und nachhaltigen Produktion tierischer Erzeugnisse
    K

    85.0%

• Process Systems Enterprise Limited

  PT

  84 Treffer61.9%
  • Systematic Models for Biological Systems Engineering Training Network
    P

    61.9%

• Silicolife LDA

  PT

  82 Treffer61.9%
  • Systematic Models for Biological Systems Engineering Training Network
    P

    61.9%

• Insilico Biotechnology AG

  PT

  88 Treffer61.9%
  • Systematic Models for Biological Systems Engineering Training Network
    P

    61.9%

• Protatuans-Etaireia Ereynas Viotechologias Monoprosopi Etaireia Periorisments Eythinis

  PT

  76 Treffer61.9%
  • Systematic Models for Biological Systems Engineering Training Network
    P

    61.9%

• Fundació Centre de Regulació Genòmica

  P

  4 Treffer59.6%
  • Systems Biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    P

    59.6%

• Instytut Biochemii i biofizyki

  P

  6 Treffer59.6%
  • Systems Biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    P

    59.6%

• Europäisches Laboratorium für Molekularbiologie (Heidelberg)

  P

  5 Treffer59.6%
  • Systems Biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    P

    59.6%

• Omnia Molecular, S.L.

  P

  3 Treffer59.6%
  • Systems Biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    P

    59.6%

• Coat Color Variation at the Beginning of Horse Domestication

  2009

  Science · 311 Zitationen · DOI

  The transformation of wild animals into domestic ones available for human nutrition was a key prerequisite for modern human societies. However, no other domestic species has had such a substantial impact on the warfare, transportation, and communication capabilities of human societies as the horse. Here, we show that the analysis of ancient DNA targeting nuclear genes responsible for coat coloration allows us to shed light on the timing and place of horse domestication. We conclude that it is unlikely that horse domestication substantially predates the occurrence of coat color variation, which was found to begin around the third millennium before the common era.

• A New Standard Genetic Map for the Laboratory Mouse

  2009

  Genetics · 244 Zitationen · DOI

  Genetic maps provide a means to estimate the probability of the co-inheritance of linked loci as they are transmitted across generations in both experimental and natural populations. However, in the age of whole-genome sequences, physical distances measured in base pairs of DNA provide the standard coordinates for navigating the myriad features of genomes. Although genetic and physical maps are colinear, there are well-characterized and sometimes dramatic heterogeneities in the average frequency of meiotic recombination events that occur along the physical extent of chromosomes. There also are documented differences in the recombination landscape between the two sexes. We have revisited high-resolution genetic map data from a large heterogeneous mouse population and have constructed a revised genetic map of the mouse genome, incorporating 10,195 single nucleotide polymorphisms using a set of 47 families comprising 3546 meioses. The revised map provides a different picture of recombination in the mouse from that reported previously. We have further integrated the genetic and physical maps of the genome and incorporated SSLP markers from other genetic maps into this new framework. We demonstrate that utilization of the revised genetic map improves QTL mapping, partially due to the resolution of previously undetected errors in marker ordering along the chromosome.

• Using mouse models to dissect the genetics of obesity

  2002

  Trends in Genetics · 165 Zitationen · DOI

• Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Functional Traits in the German Holstein Cattle Population

  2003

  Journal of Dairy Science · 164 Zitationen · DOI

  A whole-genome scan to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for functional traits was performed in the German Holstein cattle population. For this purpose, 263 genetic markers across all autosomes and the pseudoautosomal region of the sex chromosomes were genotyped in 16 granddaughter-design families with 872 sons. The traits investigated were deregressed breedingvalues for maternal and direct effects on dystocia (DYSm, DYSd) and stillbirth (STIm, STId) as well as maternal and paternal effects on nonreturn rates of 90 d (NR90m, NR90p). Furthermore, deregressed breeding values for functional herd life (FHL) and daughter yield deviation for somatic cell count (SCC) were investigated. Weighted multimarker regression analyses across families and permutation tests were applied for the detection of QTL and the calculation of statistical significance. A ten percent genomewise significant QTL was localized for DYSm on chromosome 8 and for SCC on chromosome 18. A further 24 putative QTL exceeding the 5% chromosomewise threshold were detected. On chromosomes 7, 8, 10, 18, and X/Yps, coincidence of QTL for several traits was observed. Our results suggest that loci with influence on udder health may also contribute to genetic variance of longevity. Prior to implementation of these QTL in marker assisted selection programs for functional traits, information about direct and correlated effects of these QTL as well as fine mapping of their chromosomal positions is required.

• Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting Body Weight and Fatness From a Mouse Line Selected for Extreme High Growth

  1998

  Genetics · 133 Zitationen · DOI

  Quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing body weight were mapped by linkage analysis in crosses between a high body weight selected line (DU6) and a control line (DUKs). The two mouse lines differ in body weight by 106% and in abdominal fat weight by 100% at 42 days. They were generated from the same base population and maintained as outbred colonies. Determination of line-specific allele frequencies at microsatellite markers spanning the genome indicated significant changes between the lines on 15 autosomes and the X chromosome. To confirm these effects, a QTL analysis was performed using structured F2 pedigrees derived from crosses of a single male from DU6 with a female from DUKs. QTL significant at the genome-wide level were mapped for body weight on chromosome 11; for abdominal fat weight on chromosomes 4, 11, and 13; for abdominal fat percentage on chromosomes 3 and 4; and for the weights of liver on chromosomes 4 and 11, of kidney on chromosomes 2 and 9, and of spleen on chromosome 11. The strong effect on body weight of the QTL on chromosome 11 was confirmed in three independent pedigrees. The effect was additive and independent of sex, accounting for 21-35% of the phenotypic variance of body weight within the corresponding F2 populations. The test for multiple QTL on chromosome 11 with combined data from all pedigrees indicated the segregation of two loci separated by 36 cM influencing body weight.

• High-fat diet leads to a decreased methylation of theMc4r gene in the obese BFMI and the lean B6 mouse lines

  2010

  Journal of Applied Genetics · 117 Zitationen · DOI

• Content and Performance of the MiniMUGA Genotyping Array: A New Tool To Improve Rigor and Reproducibility in Mouse Research

  2020

  Genetics · 108 Zitationen · DOI

  The laboratory mouse is the most widely used animal model for biomedical research, due in part to its well-annotated genome, wealth of genetic resources, and the ability to precisely manipulate its genome. Despite the importance of genetics for mouse research, genetic quality control (QC) is not standardized, in part due to the lack of cost-effective, informative, and robust platforms. Genotyping arrays are standard tools for mouse research and remain an attractive alternative even in the era of high-throughput whole-genome sequencing. Here, we describe the content and performance of a new iteration of the Mouse Universal Genotyping Array (MUGA), MiniMUGA, an array-based genetic QC platform with over 11,000 probes. In addition to robust discrimination between most classical and wild-derived laboratory strains, MiniMUGA was designed to contain features not available in other platforms: (1) chromosomal sex determination, (2) discrimination between substrains from multiple commercial vendors, (3) diagnostic SNPs for popular laboratory strains, (4) detection of constructs used in genetically engineered mice, and (5) an easy-to-interpret report summarizing these results. In-depth annotation of all probes should facilitate custom analyses by individual researchers. To determine the performance of MiniMUGA, we genotyped 6899 samples from a wide variety of genetic backgrounds. The performance of MiniMUGA compares favorably with three previous iterations of the MUGA family of arrays, both in discrimination capabilities and robustness. We have generated publicly available consensus genotypes for 241 inbred strains including classical, wild-derived, and recombinant inbred lines. Here, we also report the detection of a substantial number of <i>X</i>O and <i>XXY</i> individuals across a variety of sample types, new markers that expand the utility of reduced complexity crosses to genetic backgrounds other than C57BL/6, and the robust detection of 17 genetic constructs. We provide preliminary evidence that the array can be used to identify both partial sex chromosome duplication and mosaicism, and that diagnostic SNPs can be used to determine how long inbred mice have been bred independently from the relevant main stock. We conclude that MiniMUGA is a valuable platform for genetic QC, and an important new tool to increase the rigor and reproducibility of mouse research.

• Go with the flow—biology and genetics of the lactation cycle

  2015

  Frontiers in Genetics · 93 Zitationen · DOI

  Lactation is a dynamic process, which evolved to meet dietary demands of growing offspring. At the same time, the mother's metabolism changes to meet the high requirements of nutrient supply to the offspring. Through strong artificial selection, the strain of milk production on dairy cows is often associated with impaired health and fertility. This led to the incorporation of functional traits into breeding aims to counteract this negative association. Potentially, distributing the total quantity of milk per lactation cycle more equally over time could reduce the peak of physiological strain and improve health and fertility. During lactation many factors affect the production of milk: food intake; digestion, absorption, and transportation of nutrients; blood glucose levels; activity of cells in the mammary gland, liver, and adipose tissue; synthesis of proteins and fat in the secretory cells; and the metabolic and regulatory pathways that provide fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. Whilst the endocrine regulation and physiology of the dynamic process of milk production seems to be understood, the genetics that underlie these dynamics are still to be uncovered. Modeling of longitudinal traits and estimating the change in additive genetic variation over time has shown that the genetic contribution to the expression of a trait depends on the considered time-point. Such time-dependent studies could contribute to the discovery of missing heritability. Only very few studies have estimated exact gene and marker effects at different time-points during lactation. The most prominent gene affecting milk yield and milk fat, DGAT1, exhibits its main effects after peak production, whilst the casein genes have larger effects in early lactation. Understanding the physiological dynamics and elucidating the time-dependent genetic effects behind dynamically expressed traits will contribute to selection decisions to further improve productive and healthy breeding populations.

• Combined analysis of data from two granddaughter designs: A simple strategy for QTL confirmation and increasing experimental power in dairy cattle

  2003

  Genetics Selection Evolution · 86 Zitationen · DOI

  A joint analysis of five paternal half-sib Holstein families that were part of two different granddaughter designs (ADR- or Inra-design) was carried out for five milk production traits and somatic cell score in order to conduct a QTL confirmation study and to increase the experimental power. Data were exchanged in a coded and standardised form. The combined data set (JOINT-design) consisted of on average 231 sires per grandsire. Genetic maps were calculated for 133 markers distributed over nine chromosomes. QTL analyses were performed separately for each design and each trait. The results revealed QTL for milk production on chromosome 14, for milk yield on chromosome 5, and for fat content on chromosome 19 in both the ADR- and the Inra-design (confirmed within this study). Some QTL could only be mapped in either the ADR- or in the Inra-design (not confirmed within this study). Additional QTL previously undetected in the single designs were mapped in the JOINT-design for fat yield (chromosome 19 and 26), protein yield (chromosome 26), protein content (chromosome 5), and somatic cell score (chromosome 2 and 19) with genomewide significance. This study demonstrated the potential benefits of a combined analysis of data from different granddaughter designs.

• Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling lifespan in the short‐lived fish <i>Nothobranchius furzeri</i>– a new vertebrate model for age research

  2011

  Aging Cell · 81 Zitationen · DOI

  The African annual fish Nothobranchius furzeri emerged as a new model for age research over recent years. Nothobranchius furzeri show an exceptionally short lifespan, age-dependent cognitive/behavioral decline, expression of age-related biomarkers, and susceptibility to lifespan manipulation. In addition, laboratory strains differ largely in lifespan. Here, we set out to study the genetics of lifespan determination. We crossed a short- to a long-lived strain, recorded lifespan, and established polymorphic markers. On the basis of genotypes of 411 marker loci in 404 F(2) progeny, we built a genetic map comprising 355 markers at an average spacing of 5.5 cM, 22 linkage groups (LGs) and 1965 cM. By combining marker data with lifespan values, we identified one genome-wide highly significant quantitative trait locus (QTL) on LG 9 (P < 0.01), which explained 11.3% of the F(2) lifespan variance, and three suggestive QTLs on LG 11, 14, and 17. We characterized the highly significant QTL by synteny analysis, because a genome sequence of N. furzeri was not available. We located the syntenic region on medaka chromosome 5, identified candidate genes, and performed fine mapping, resulting in a c. 40% reduction of the initial 95% confidence interval. We show both that lifespan determination in N. furzeri is polygenic, and that candidate gene detection is easily feasible by cross-species analysis. Our work provides first results on the way to identify loci controlling lifespan in N. furzeri and illustrates the potential of this vertebrate species as a genetic model for age research.

• Feeding of the probiotic bacterium Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 differentially affects shedding of enteric viruses in pigs

  2012

  Veterinary Research · 62 Zitationen · DOI

  Effects of probiotic bacteria on viral infections have been described previously. Here, two groups of sows and their piglets were fed with or without feed supplementation of the probiotic bacterium Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415. Shedding of enteric viruses naturally occurring in these pigs was analyzed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. No differences between the groups were recorded for hepatitis E virus, encephalomyocarditis virus and norovirus. In contrast, astrovirus was exclusively detected in the non-supplemented control group. Rotavirus was shedded later and with lower amounts in the probiotic piglet group (p < 0.05); rotavirus-shedding piglets gained less weight than non-infected animals (p < 0.05). Serum titres of anti-rotavirus IgA and IgG antibodies were higher in piglets from the control group, whereas no difference was detected between sow groups. Phenotype analysis of immune cell antigens revealed significant differences of the CD4 and CD8β (p < 0.05) as well as CD8α and CD25 (p < 0.1) T cell populations of the probiotic supplemented group compared to the non-supplemented control group. In addition, differences were evident for CD21/MHCII-positive (p < 0.05) and IgM-positive (p < 0.1) B cell populations. The results indicate that probiotic bacteria could have effects on virus shedding in naturally infected pigs, which depend on the virus type. These effects seem to be caused by immunological changes; however, the distinct mechanism of action remains to be elucidated.

• Finding the Optimal Imputation Strategy for Small Cattle Populations

  2019

  Frontiers in Genetics · 61 Zitationen · DOI

  The imputation from lower density SNP chip genotypes to whole-genome sequence level is an established approach to generate high density genotypes for many individuals. Imputation accuracy is dependent on many factors and for small cattle populations such as the endangered German Black Pied cattle (DSN), determining the optimal imputation strategy is especially challenging since only a low number of high density genotypes is available. In this paper, the accuracy of imputation was explored with regard to (1) phasing of the target population and the reference panel for imputation, (2) comparison of a 1-step imputation approach, where 50 k genotypes are directly imputed to sequence level, to a 2-step imputation approach that used an intermediate step imputing first to 700 k and subsequently to sequence level, (3) the software tools Beagle and Minimac, and (4) the size and composition of the reference panel for imputation. Analyses were performed for 30 DSN and 30 Holstein Frisian cattle available from the 1000 Bull Genomes Project. Imputation accuracy was assessed using a leave-one-out cross validation procedure. We observed that phasing of the target populations and the reference panels affects the imputation accuracy significantly. Minimac reached higher accuracy when imputing using small reference panels, while Beagle performed better with larger reference panels. In contrast to previous research, we found that when a low number of animals is available at the intermediate imputation step, the 1-step imputation approach yielded higher imputation accuracy compared to a 2-step imputation. Overall, the size of the reference panel for imputation is the most important factor leading to higher imputation accuracy, although using a larger reference panel consisting of a related but different breed (Holstein Frisian) significantly reduced imputation accuracy. Our findings provide specific recommendations for populations with a limited number of high density genotyped or sequenced animals available such as DSN. The overall recommendation when imputing a small population are to (1) use a large reference panel of the same breed, (2) use a large reference panel consisting of diverse breeds, or (3) when a large reference panel is not available, we recommend using a smaller same breed reference panel without including a different related breed.

• Single nucleotide polymorphism and haplotype effects associated with somatic cell score in German Holstein cattle

  2014

  Genetics Selection Evolution · 57 Zitationen · DOI

  The results support the polygenic nature of the genetic determination of SCS, confirm the importance of previously reported QTL, and provide evidence for the segregation of additional QTL for SCS in Holstein cattle. The small size of the regions identified here will facilitate the search for causal genetic variations that affect gene functions.

• ATR-FTIR spectroscopy reveals genomic loci regulating the tissue response in high fat diet fed BXD recombinant inbred mouse strains

  2013

  BMC Genomics · 57 Zitationen · DOI

  The results demonstrate that the analytical method of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy effectively contributed to decompose the macromolecular composition of tissues that accumulate fat and to link this information with genetic determinants. The candidate genes in the QTL regions may contribute to obesity-related diseases in humans, in particular if the results can be verified in a bigger BXD cohort.

• A 5' splice-region mutation and a dinucleotide deletion in the lysosomal acid lipase gene in two patients with cholesteryl ester storage disease.

  1995

  Journal of Lipid Research · 56 Zitationen · DOI

  Cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD) results from inherited deficiencies of the lysosomal hydrolase, acid lipase (LAL; E.C. 3.1.1.13). To establish the molecular defects in LAL deficiency, two unrelated probands with severely reduced LAL activity were examined. DNA amplification by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and subsequent sequence analysis of LAL cDNA identified two mutant alleles. Patient 1, presenting with hepatosplenomegaly, mildly elevated liver function tests, and hyperlipidemia, was homozygous for a deletion of nucleotides 823 to 894 of the LAL cDNA. This 72-bp deletion maintained the reading frame and resulted in a loss of 24 amino acids from the LAL protein. Analysis of genomic DNA revealed that the 72 bp corresponded to an exon of the LAL gene. A single G to A point mutation at the last exon position was observed in the genomic DNA of patient 1, indicating a splicing defect with consecutive exon skipping underlying the 72-bp deletion. Patient 2 was a compound heterozygote for the 72-bp deletion and a dinucleotide deletion at positions 967 and 968. This deletion resulted in a shifted reading frame carboxyterminal of codon 296, and 43 random amino acids followed the frame shift. A premature stop at codon 339 truncated the mutant LAL protein by 34 amino acids. Allele-specific hybridization confirmed that patient 1 was homozygous for the 72-bp deletion mutation, and that patient 2 was a compound heterozygote for the 72-bp deletion and the 2-bp deletion.

• High-fat diet leads to tissue-specific changes reflecting risk factors for diseases in DBA/2J mice

  2010

  Physiological Genomics · 54 Zitationen · DOI

  The aim of this study was to characterize the responses of individual tissues to high-fat feeding as a function of mass, fat composition, and transcript abundance. We examined a panel of eight tissues [5 white adipose tissues (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), liver, muscle] obtained from DBA/2J mice on either a standard breeding diet (SBD) or a high-fat diet (HFD). HFD led to weight gain, decreased insulin sensitivity, and tissue-specific responses, including inflammation, in these mice. The dietary fatty acids were partially metabolized and converted in both liver and fat tissues. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) were converted in the liver to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and oleic acid (C18:1) was the preferred MUFA for storage of excess energy in all tissues of HFD-fed mice. Transcriptional changes largely reflected the tissue-specific fat deposition. SFA were negatively correlated with genes in the collagen family and processes involving the extracellular matrix. We propose a novel role of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) gene in adipose tissues of diet-induced obesity. Tissue-specific responses to HFD were identified. Liver steatosis was evident in HFD-fed mice. Gonadal, retroperitoneal and subcutaneous adipose tissue and BAT exhibited severe inflammatory and immune responses. Mesenteric adipose tissue was the most metabolically active adipose tissue. Gluteal adipose tissue had the highest mass gain but was sluggish in its metabolism. In HFD conditions, BAT functioned largely like WAT in its role as a depot for excess energy, whereas WAT played a role in thermogenesis.

• A mammary gland EST showing linkage disequilibrium to a milk production QTL on bovine Chromosome 14

  2001

  Mammalian Genome · 54 Zitationen · DOI

• Y-Chromosomal Insights into Breeding History and Sire Line Genealogies of Arabian Horses

  2022

  Genes · 49 Zitationen · DOI

  The Y chromosome is a valuable genetic marker for studying the origin and influence of paternal lineages in populations. In this study, we conducted Y-chromosomal lineage-tracing in Arabian horses. First, we resolved a Y haplotype phylogeny based on the next generation sequencing data of 157 males from several breeds. Y-chromosomal haplotypes specific for Arabian horses were inferred by genotyping a collection of 145 males representing most Arabian sire lines that are active around the globe. These lines formed three discrete haplogroups, and the same haplogroups were detected in Arabian populations native to the Middle East. The Arabian haplotypes were clearly distinct from the ones detected in Akhal Tekes, Turkoman horses, and the progeny of two Thoroughbred foundation sires. However, a haplotype introduced into the English Thoroughbred by the stallion Byerley Turk (1680), was shared among Arabians, Turkomans, and Akhal Tekes, which opens a discussion about the historic connections between Oriental horse types. Furthermore, we genetically traced Arabian sire line breeding in the Western World over the past 200 years. This confirmed a strong selection for relatively few male lineages and uncovered incongruences to written pedigree records. Overall, we demonstrate how fine-scaled Y-analysis contributes to a better understanding of the historical development of horse breeds.

• Whole genome population genetics analysis of Sudanese goats identifies regions harboring genes associated with major traits

  2017

  BMC Genetics · 48 Zitationen · DOI

  The information on the genetic variability and diversity in this study confirmed that Taggar goat is genetically different from the other goat breeds in Sudan. The SNPs identified by the first principal components show high F_st values in Taggar goat and allowed to identify candidate genes which can be used in the development of breed selection programs to improve local breeds and find genetic factors contributing to the adaptation to harsh environments.

• The F279Y polymorphism of the GHR gene and its relation to milk production and somatic cell score in German Holstein dairy cattle

  2011

  Journal of Applied Genetics · 48 Zitationen · DOI

• FTIR imaging of structural changes in visceral and subcutaneous adiposity and brown to white adipocyte transdifferentiation

  2015

  The Analyst · 47 Zitationen · DOI

  Obesity is a heterogeneous disorder which increases risks for multiple metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. The current study aims to characterize and compare visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in terms of macromolecular content and investigate transdifferentiation between white and brown adipocytes. Regarding this aim, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) immunohistological staining were used to investigate gonadal (visceral) and inguinal (subcutaneous) adipose tissues of male Berlin fat mice inbred (BFMI) lines, which are spontaneously obese. The results indicated a remarkable increase in the lipid/protein ratio, accompanied with a decrease of UCP1 protein content which might be due to the transdifferentiation of brown adipocytes to white adipocytes in obese groups. It has been widely reported that brown adipose tissue has a strong effect on fatty acid and glucose homeostasis and it could provide an opportunity for the therapy of obesity. When the amount of brown adipose tissue was decreased, lower unsaturation/saturation ratio, qualitatively longer hydrocarbon acyl chain length of lipids and higher amount of triglycerides were obtained in both adipose tissues of mice lines. The results also revealed that subcutaneous adipose tissue was more prone to obesity-induced structural changes than visceral adipose tissue, which could originate from it possessing a lower amount of brown adipose tissue. The current study clearly revealed the power of FTIR microspectroscopy in the precise determination of obesity-induced structural and functional changes in inguinal and gonadal adipose tissue of mice lines.

• Quantitative trait loci segregating in crosses between New Hampshire and White Leghorn chicken lines: I. egg production traits

  2011

  Animal Genetics · 45 Zitationen · DOI

  A genome scan was performed to detect chromosomal regions that affect egg production traits in reciprocal crosses between two genetically and phenotypically extreme chicken lines: the partially inbred line New Hampshire (NHI) and the inbred line White Leghorn (WL77). The NHI line had been selected for high growth and WL77 for low egg weight before inbreeding. The result showed a highly significant region on chromosome 4 with multiple QTL for egg production traits between 19.2 and 82.1 Mb. This QTL region explained 4.3 and 16.1% of the phenotypic variance for number of eggs and egg weight in the F(2) population, respectively. The egg weight QTL effects are dependent on the direction of the cross. In addition, genome-wide suggestive QTL for egg weight were found on chromosomes 1, 5, and 9, and for number of eggs on chromosomes 5 and 7. A genome-wide significant QTL affecting age at first egg was mapped on chromosome 1. The difference between the parental lines and the highly significant QTL effects on chromosome 4 will further support fine mapping and candidate gene identification for egg production traits in chicken.

• QTL and candidate genes for fecundity in sows

  2006

  Animal Reproduction Science · 45 Zitationen · DOI

• Comparison of estimated breeding values, daughter yield deviations and de‐regressed proofs within a whole genome scan for QTL

  2001

  Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics · 45 Zitationen · DOI

  An important issue in quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection is the use of phenotypic measurement as a dependent variable. Daughter yield deviations (DYDs) as the unit of choice are not available for all traits of interest. The use of de‐regressed proofs (DRPFs) of estimated breeding values (EBVs) is an alternative to using daughter yield deviations. The objective of this study was to examine possible differences between DYDs and DRPFs within the use of QTL detection. The pedigree used was part of the granddaughter design of the German QTL effort. Consisting marker maps for livestock species were derived from all available data of 16 German Holstein paternal half‐sib families with a total of 872 sires. The number of progeny ranged from 19 to 127. A whole genome scan was performed using weighted and unweighted multimarker regression with DYDs, DRPFs and EBVs as dependent variables for the traits milk, fat and protein yields. Results were compared with respect to the number of QTL detected. A similar number of QTL was detected with DRPFs and DYDs. Also, when dependent variables were weighted according to the variance of the trait, a higher number of QTL was detected at the desired level of significance as compared to using unweighted variables.

• Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 supplementation affects intestinal immune-associated gene expression in post-weaning piglets

  2013

  Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology · 41 Zitationen · DOI

• Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH

  UfIB: Etablierung und Anwendung von In-Vitro-Methoden zur Untersuchung immunomodulatorischer Wirkungen von zootechnischen Futterzusatzstoffen beim Huhn

  company

• H. Wilhelm Schaumann Stiftung

  Wechselwirkung zwischen Veranlagung, Erregerspektrum und Erkrankung an Mastitis

  foundation

• Institut für Fortpflanzung landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere Schönow e.V.

  Bereitstellung tierzüchterischer Marker für die Verbesserung der Züchtung innerhalb der gefährdeten Rasse DSN zur besonders tiergerechten und nachhaltigen Produktion tierischer Erzeugnisse

  other

• Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen

  Entwicklung eines SNP-Chips zur Zuchtwertschätzung und zum Diversitätsmanagement für das Deutsche Schwarzbunte Niederungsrind

  university

• RBB Rinderproduktion Berlin Brandenburg GmbH

  Bereitstellung tierzüchterischer Marker für die Verbesserung der Züchtung innerhalb der gefährdeten Rasse DSN zur besonders tiergerechten und nachhaltigen Produktion tierischer Erzeugnisse

  company

Name

Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat. Gudrun A. Brockmann

Titel

Prof. Dr. habil. rer. nat.

Fakultät

Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät

Institut

Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften

Arbeitsgruppe

Tierzüchtung und molekulare Genetik

Telefon

+49 30 2093-49872

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26.4.2026, 01:03:14