Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven
Profil
Forschungsthemen9
Ergativität und Informationsstruktur: Chibcha-Sprachen im Vergleich
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 09/2021 - 12/2025 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven
Graduiertenzentrum der Sprach- und literaturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät
Quelle ↗Förderer: Berlin University Alliance (BUA) Zeitraum: 11/2019 - 12/2021 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven
SFB 1412/1: Zur Abgrenzung von sprachübergreifenden und sprachspezifischen Aspekten von Registerunterschieden (TP A06)
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sonderforschungsbereich Zeitraum: 01/2020 - 12/2023 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven
SFB 1412/2: Modellierung von Registervariation im Sprachvergleich (TP A06)
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sonderforschungsbereich Zeitraum: 01/2024 - 12/2027 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven, Prof. Dr. Aria Adli, Dr. Jozina Vander Klok
Sozio-ökonomische Transformationen, kommunikative Praktiken und indigene Grammatiken: eine Untersuchung der aktuellen Entwicklungen im Yukatekischen Maya
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Internationale Kooperation Zeitraum: 04/2025 - 03/2028 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven
SprachRaum Berlin. Sprachliche Vielfalt und sozialer Zusammenhalt im urbanen Raum.
Quelle ↗Förderer: Berlin University Alliance (BUA) Zeitraum: 11/2019 - 12/2020 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven, Prof. Dr. Manfred Krifka, Dr. Henrik Schultze, Prof. Dr. Roland Meyer
Syntaktische und pragmatische Prominenz von Experiencern im Sprachvergleich
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 08/2011 - 07/2014 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven
Yukatekisches Maya: Variation in Raum und Zeit
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 04/2018 - 12/2023 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven
Zur Typologie der Psych-Alternation in Morphologie, Syntax und Diskurs
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 05/2016 - 07/2019 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Verhoeven
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Publikationen25
Top 25 nach Zitationen — Quelle: OpenAlex (BAAI/bge-m3 embedded für Matching).
80 Zitationen
This book combines a fieldwork-based language-specific analysis with a typological investigation. It offers a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the form and semantics of experiencer constructions in Yucatec, the Mayan language of the Yucatecan peninsula in Mexico. Since the linguistic expression of experience is not restricted to a specific grammatical area the study touches a great variety of grammatical fields in the language such as argument structure, grammatical relations, possessive constructions, subordinate constructions, etc. The empirical analysis of the Yucatec data is preceded by a thorough examination of the functional domain and the cross-linguistic coding of experience which until now could not be found in the literature. This study will be of interest to scholars working in the fields of typology and Native American linguistics, and especially to those interested in argument structure and the syntax-semantics interface.
Studies in language companion series · 55 Zitationen · DOI
This book combines a fieldwork-based language-specific analysis with a typological investigation. It offers a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the form and semantics of experiencer constructions in Yucatec, the Mayan language of the Yucatecan peninsula in Mexico. Since the linguistic expression of experience is not restricted to a specific grammatical area the study touches a great variety of grammatical fields in the language such as argument structure, grammatical relations, possessive constructions, subordinate constructions, etc. The empirical analysis of the Yucatec data is preceded by a thorough examination of the functional domain and the cross-linguistic coding of experience which until now could not be found in the literature. This study will be of interest to scholars working in the fields of typology and Native American linguistics, and especially to those interested in argument structure and the syntax-semantics interface.
Linguistic Typology · 53 Zitationen · DOI
Experiencer-object verbs are known to deviate from the prototype of transitive verbs. Previous studies have shown that a subset of these verbs is stative and non-agentive and argue that this semantic peculiarity accounts for particular non-canonical syntactic properties. This article shows that the stativity/non-agentivity of experiencer verbs is subject to typological variation. The empirical evidence comes from an experimental study on speaker's intuitions, which shows that some experiencer-object verbs in German and Modern Greek differ from canonical transitive verbs in agentivity and stativity, while experiencer-object verbs in Turkish, Yucatec Maya, and Chinese display the semanto-syntactic properties of canonical transitive verbs.
International Journal of American Linguistics · 51 Zitationen · DOI
An important challenge in the study of focus constructions is teasing out the properties of the layers of linguistic structure that are involved, in particular identifying which interpretational properties are associated with the syntactic operation at issue, which properties arise through inferential processes, and which properties can be deduced on the basis of the prosodic structure. This article undertakes this challenge in a language with a structurally identifiable left-peripheral position which is employed for the expression of focus, namely, Yucatec Maya. This syntactic configuration comes with a focus interpretation and we show that the occurrence of this construction is not restricted to a subtype of focus corresponding to a truth-conditionally relevant operator. The properties of the syntax–prosody mapping indicate that focus fronting is a syntactic operation that places the material in focus in the maximally prominent partition of the prosodic constituent that contains the predicate.
Studies in language companion series · 43 Zitationen · DOI
Language Typology and Universals · 35 Zitationen · DOI
This paper presents experimental data on postverbal argument order in Yucatec Maya. Yucatec Maya is a verb initial language which according to previous analyses displays verb-agent-patient as its canonical order. The data presented in this paper were obtained in an experiment on interpreting ambiguous sentences. The experiment evaluated hypotheses about the impact of animacy, definiteness, verbal aspect and pragmatic preferences on Yucatec Mayan postverbal orders. The participants of the experiment showed considerable instability in role choice for postverbal arguments, sometimes preferring the agent-patient and sometimes the patient-agent order. The role choice is predominantly determined by pragmatic inferences which are supported by inherent properties of the postverbal NPs like animacy and definiteness.
Lingua · 32 Zitationen · DOI
Linguistic Typology · 28 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract Although some characteristics of incorporating verbs and non-incorporating verbs have been proposed in previous studies, little systematic cross-linguistic research has been done on restrictions on the types of verbs that incorporate nouns. Knowledge about possible verb-based restrictions on noun incorporation may, however, provide important insights for theoretical approaches to noun incorporation, in particular regarding the question to what extent incorporation is a lexical or a syntactic process, and whether and how languages may vary in this respect. This paper therefore investigates to what extent languages restrict noun incorporation to particular verbs and what types of restrictions appear to be relevant cross-linguistically. The study consists of two parts: an explorative typological survey based on descriptive sources of 50 incorporating languages, and a more detailed investigation of incorporating verbs in corpus data from a sample of eight languages, guided by a questionnaire. The results demonstrate that noun incorporation is indeed restricted in terms of which verbs allow this construction within and across languages. The likelihood that a verb can incorporate is partly determined by its degree of morphosyntactic transitivity, but the attested variation across verbs and across languages shows that purely lexical restrictions play an important role as well.
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) · 27 Zitationen
A set of universal hierarchies is assumed: a hierarchy of entities, one of semantic roles and one of syntactic functions.There are also universal principles that map semantic roles onto syntactic functions.To the extent that syntactic functions are grammaticalized, they manifest more than just semantic roles.At the same time they serve the organization of functional sentence perspective and they are sensitive to 'animacy', i.e. to the hierarchy of entities.Languages differ in the extent to which the hierarchy of entities interacts with the mapping of semantic roles onto syntactic functions.Some languages, among them several SAE languages including German, lend much importance to animacy, tending to allow persons a high position in the hierarchy of syntactic functions even if their semantic role did not suggest such a mapping.Other languages, including Yucatec Maya, are relatively insensitive to animacy in this area and rather tend to manifest each semantic role in a constant syntactic way.Two types of syntactic structures are postulated, one of person prominence, which is present in SAE languages, and one of relation prominence, which is present in Yucatec Maya.The diverse structural manifestations of the two types and their implications for the organization of grammar are explored within eight mostly unrelated languages: Maori, Korean, Tamil, Samoan, Lezgian, German, English, and Yucatec Maya.Their ways of grammatical construction in different functional areas are compared to each other to allow them to be given diverse positions on a continuum of person and relation prominence.PST feel ART happiness POSS ART boy 'The boy was happy.' (ibid.)The nominalization strategy emphasizes the event and, at the same time, backgrounds the participants, both syntactically and pragmatically.In Samoan, the participants do not even need to be expressed at all, but may be inferred from the context, as in E3. E3.Ua sau le fia 'ai.SAM PF come ART want eat 'I / You / we are hungry.'lit.: 'The wanting to eat has come.' (ibid.)In the verbal strategy of E1.b -on the contrary -the participant clearly takes a salient syntactic position.Being represented as the subject, it is an obligatory part of the sentence.Fore-and backgrounding may take place with respect to all components of a situation and their syntactic representations, including the participatum, as has been shown above.In the present paper, we want to confine ourselves to the investigation of the syntactic representation of animate participants.The following is a contribution to a typological characterization of Yucatec Maya (YM), the Mayan language spoken on the peninsula of Yucatan.We shall start from the observation that YM often uses person backgrounding constructions where Standard Average European (SAE) languages, following Benjamin L. Whorf's term, prefer person foregrounding constructions.We shall show that this is a pervasive trait of YM syntax which forms a cluster with other properties of its grammar.When languages are arranged on a continuum according to their preference of person foregrounding or person backgrounding constructions, YM occupies the latter pole.Languages such as English and German, on the contrary, occupy the opposite pole.In Chapter 2, we outline the semantic and syntactic principles, upon which the present study is based.We postulate a hierarchical structure of participant features, semantic roles, and syntactic functions along the lines of earlier works of, among others, Croft 1990, Lehmann 1984 [P], 1991, Dik 1980, Keenan & Comrie 1977.In Chapter 3, earlier approaches to prominence in typology, namely the typology of subject vs. topic prominence and the typology of reference vs. role domination, are shortly reviewed.On the basis of the assumptions presented in Chapter 2, a typology of person vs. relation prominence is outlined.Chapter 4 gives a short characterization of the investigated languages.Chapter 5 covers the empirical investigation.Eight mostly unrelated languages, Maori, Korean, Tamil, Samoan, Lezgian, German, English, and Yucatec Maya, are examined with respect to their organization of syntax in four main grammatical areas.These will be higher predicate constructions, possessive constructions, the domain of sensual, mental, and emotional states and processes, and benefactive constructions.The line of discussion follows the order from outer to inner propositional relations, dealing, first, with the syntactic relations in constructions with higher predicates, second, with actant relations in possessive and affective constructions and third, with the benefactive as a circumstant relation.'I can do that.'(Asher 1982:77)
23 Zitationen · DOI
Grammaticalization theory has played a major role in the developments in language typology and functional linguistics during the last three decades. The contributions in this book discuss the major theoretical issues of grammaticalization theory, illustrate the current trends in this field, and present evidence for grammaticalization from several familiar as well as little studied languages.
Journal of Germanic Linguistics · 22 Zitationen · DOI
This article addresses the question of whether the influence of thematic roles (in particular, experiencers and patients) on word order is an epiphenomenal effect of other factors (such as information structure and animacy). For this purpose, I have investigated argument realization with different verb classes, including canonical verbs and either agentive or nonagentive experiencer-object verbs with varying case marking (dative or accusative), in a large corpus of written German. The obtained results indicate that the experiencer-first effect is at least to some extent triggered by other factors, in particular animacy. However, after subtracting the effect resulting from these factors, the impact of the thematic properties remains, and therefore it is necessary to explain the whole range of data. *
Accentual preferences and predictability: An acceptability study on split intransitivity in German
2014Lingua · 21 Zitationen · DOI
Linguistics · 19 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract In several languages, non-nominative experiencers tend to appear early on in utterances, which frequently triggers deviations from the preferred word order. These observations are based on linearization preferences, which in most cases involve gradient levels that cannot be determined precisely through singular intuitions. This article presents a crosslinguistic experimental study on languages with different word order properties (German, Greek, Hungarian, and Korean), offering precise estimates for the effects of experiencer objects on linearization. The findings reveal a strong effect of case in the sense that dative experiencers appear more frequently early in an utterance than accusative experiencers. Based on the specific properties of the investigated languages, we are revising previous hypotheses about the source of the dative/accusative asymmetry and conclude that the asymmetry relates to phrase-structural differences. Accusative experiencers are fronted more frequently than patients of canonical transitive verbs. We argue that this phenomenon relates to a preference for selecting experiencers as aboutness topics, which explains the fact that experiencer-first structures appear in syntactic constructions that may be triggered by aboutness. The results show that the experiencer-first principle interacts with properties of the syntactic structure. The differences between languages can thus be traced back to the basic properties of syntactic typology.
Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) · 16 Zitationen
The aim of this paper is to outline the means for encoding information structure in Yucatec Maya. Yucatec Maya is a tone language, displaying a three-fold opposition in the tonal realization of syllables. From the morpho-syntactic point of view, the grammar of Yucatec Maya contains morphological (topic affixes, morphological marking of out-of-focus predicates) and syntactic (designated positions) means to uniquely specify syntactic constructions for their information structure. After a descriptive overview of these phenomena, we present experimental evidence which reveals the impact of the non-availability of prosodic alternatives on the choice of syntactic constructions in language production. Key words: cleft constructions, lexical tone, topic affixes, verb-initial language 1
Open Linguistics · 12 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract Languages differ with respect to the morphological structure of their verbal inventory: some languages predominantly derive intransitive experiencer-subject verbs from more basic transitive experiencer-object verbs by morphosyntactic operations such as stative passivization (e.g., German, English), reflexivization (e.g., German, Spanish), or mediopassive voice (e.g., Greek, Icelandic). Other languages apply transitivizing operations of causativization to intransitive basic forms, e.g., via causative affixes (e.g., Turkish, Japanese, Yucatec Maya) or embedding under causative predicates (e.g., Korean, Chinese). Yet other languages derive both alternants from a common base (e.g., Hungarian, Cabécar). This classification is especially pertinent when applied to psych verbs, given that variable linking is a widely recognized characteristic of this domain. The valence orientation profile of a language’s psych domain has recently been linked to the presence or absence of noncanonical syntax, another well-known property of psych predicates. This article reports results from an ongoing study which aims to test this observation on a larger typological scale, presenting comparative empirical data on the interplay of morphology and syntax in the psych domains of Icelandic, Spanish, Korean, Chinese, Yucatec Maya, Finnish, Turkish, and Bété.
PUB – Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University) · 12 Zitationen
Language Typology and Universals · 11 Zitationen · DOI
This paper examines the syntactic behavior of experiencer objects in Chinese, Korean, Turkish and Modern Greek. It is shown that, while in Modern Greek, experiencer objects differ from canonical direct objects, this is not the case in Chinese, Korean and Turkish. This difference is explained by the range of paradigmatic alternatives that are available in the respective languages for the coding of experiential situations.
The Linguistic Review · 10 Zitationen · DOI
This article deals with the syntactic and pragmatic properties of left dislocated constituents in Yucatec Maya. It has been argued that these constituents are topics, which implies that a particular structural configuration, namely left dislocation displays a 1:1 correspondence to a particular discourse function. We present evidence that the discourse properties of left dislocation are not uniform: only a subset of the left dislocated constituents qualify as topics in the strict sense, while other instances of left dislocation are better explained if we assume a structural constraint that bans the postverbal occurrence of subject constituents in a particular syntactic configuration. Our empirical findings show that though the occurrence of word order possibilities in discourse is not random, it is not necessarily determined by a unique licensing condition.
Glossa a journal of general linguistics · 9 Zitationen · DOI
Among the sources of non-culminating readings, we find the agentive properties of the external argument. According to the Agent Control Hypothesis (ACH), the agenthood of the subject licenses a non-culminating interpretation with causative accomplishment predicates, whereas non-agentive subjects generally oblige a culminating reading. Experiencer object verbs such as annoy or surprise are analyzed as having a causative reading, encoding a situation where the agent or causer brings about the state in the experiencer. Based on this similarity with causative accomplishments, this article investigates the impact of an agentive interpretation of the subject on the cancellation of the state in object experiencers in Spanish and Korean transitive psych predicates in a parallel experimental design. In accordance with the ACH, results revealed for both languages that subject animacy had a significant effect on the acceptability of a zero-state reading. Furthermore, the interaction of subject animacy with the lexical aspect of the verb yielded a significant effect in the Spanish data such that cancelling of the state in the experiencer was significantly more acceptable with psych verbs denoting inchoative state causatives than with those denoting punctual causative events. In a second acceptability study, the verbs were tested for their compatibility with an agentive interpretation of the subject. The obtained (gradient) agentivity values turned out to significantly predict the potential of each verb to have a zero-state reading for the subclasses denoting pure and inchoative state causatives, which further supports the ACH.
Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft · 8 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract Bound anaphors inside subjects challenge the c-command requirement for binding. At least in some languages, experiencer-object verbs such as worry or please are reported to license this type of backward dependence. In many cases, the underlying facts are based on unstable intuitions potentially influenced by intervening factors, such as accidental coreference and binding illusions. This article reports the results of an experiment on backward binding with accusative and dative experiencer-object verbs in German; in this experiment, crucial sources of variation are controlled. The results show that verb class (experiencer-object vs. agentive) has a significant effect on variable binding, both for dative and for accusative verbs. This result cannot be accounted for through accidental coreference and is not reducible to effects of sentence aspect, the latter being correlated with the distinction between experiencer-object and agentive verbs. These findings are evidence for backward binding as a genuine psych effect in German.
Cambridge University Press eBooks · 8 Zitationen · DOI
Constituents in the left periphery are often assumed to bear information structural functions such as topic and focus. Yucatec Maya provides the empirical basis for a challenging case study in this respect, since it provides a distinction between a sentence-initial position that is characterized by a series of enclitics and is labeled ‘topic position’, and an immediately preverbal position that is labeled ‘focus position’. This paper addresses the issue where do the interpretational properties of the left peripheral constituents come from and considers two alternative hypotheses: (a) the left peripheral constituents occupy the Specifier positions of functional projections that bear information structural features such as ‘topic’ and ‘focus’ and (b) the syntactic positions in the left periphery are underspecified with respect to information structure. The data presented in this paper support the view of hypothesis (b) and show that the interpretational properties of the left peripheral positions can be accounted for through the interaction of discourse principles that are independent from syntax with the properties of prosodic phrasing, that indirectly refer to constituent structure.
Linguistische Berichte (LB) · 8 Zitationen · DOI
This article presents the results of a recall experiment on Modern Greek experiential verbs. The influence of the factors subjecthood, thematic role (agent, experiencer), and animacy on word order and their interaction is investigated with three different types of experiencer verbs, namely experiencer subject (ES) verbs, labile [±agentive] experiencer object verbs, and non-agentive experiencer object (EO) verbs. The experimental results show that while a tendency to preserve the preferred SVO order is visible with all examined verb classes, this effect is weakened by an experiencer-first preference for EO verbs. Furthermore, for EO verbs the crucial factor for the argument order preferences is the property [±agentive] of the stimulus while animacy does not exhibit an independent effect in our findings. These results support the separation of the three types of experiential verbs, which is suggested in psych-verb theories on the basis of their different syntactic behavior.
Belgian Journal of Linguistics · 6 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract Several syntactic properties of verbal heads are accounted for through their semantic properties. Verbal features such as agentivity, volitionality, stativity etc. have been proven a useful tool for predicting several aspects of their syntactic behavior such as passivization, auxiliary selection etc. In the context of the empirical turn in current linguistics, the assumption of discrete features is questioned by studies based on corpora or speakers’ intuitions showing that the diagnostics of semantic features involve gradience. These findings are challenging for grammatical theory: are we justified to assume the existence of discrete verb classes or do the established properties indicate scalar dimensions of meaning? Based on two empirical studies – an acceptability study and a corpus study – the present article examines the role of agentivity in distinguishing verb classes and in predicting the syntactic behavior of verbs in German. Acceptability data show that the diagnostics of agentivity involve gradience, which cannot be reduced to random sources of variation. However, a comparison of scalar vs. categorical models of agentivity based on these diagnostics reveals that the syntactic variation in word order found in written corpus data is best accounted for through a model that assumes a binary division into a ±agentive and a non-agentive verb class.
Glossa a journal of general linguistics · 5 Zitationen · DOI
This article reports the results of a study on the self-embedding depth of nominal, verbal and clausal projections in spoken corpora of German. We compared two spoken registers featuring public and non-public (i.e. private) conversation by measuring the depth of self-embedding in C, V, and N projections. The findings confirm the hypothesis that the familiarity of the speech situation (public vs. non-public speech) has a significant impact on complexity in terms of self-embedding: speakers use more self-embedding in public speech production in different syntactic projections. In addition, we examined previous assumptions about the differences between right, left, and center embedding in C projections. The results confirm a preference against center embedding in non-public texts, which reflects the complexity of center embedding. Finally, we find evidence that the depth of self-embedding in V and C projections is correlated. This finding suggests that self-embedding depth is part of a general strategy, i.e., speakers select more or less complex structures (of different types) depending on factors of the speech situation.
Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen · 5 Zitationen · DOI
Previous work has shown that the relation between acceptability ratings and frequencies in speech production is exponential. The present study examines the relation between preference ratings and frequencies of choice with a maximally controlled design, using the same material with two experimental procedures, namely a split-100 rating and a forced-choice task. The phenomenon examined is the choice between SO and OS order in German clauses with canonical and experiencer-object verbs in different contexts. The acceptability of the alternative orders under these conditions was obtained by the split-100 rating task. We assumed that the candidate that appears in speech production is the winner of the competition between SO and OS order based on their acceptability in a given condition. The results of the forced-choice task show that the relation between ratings and choice is not just linear, but can be better approximated by higher-order polynomials: the greater the distance between the acceptability values of the alternative candidates, the stronger the bias for the winner candidate.
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