Prof. Spitz-Oener erforscht derzeit, wie Unternehmen und Arbeitsmärkte auf wirtschaftliche Schocks, Migration und technologische Veränderungen reagieren – mit Fokus auf Arbeitsplatzpolarisierung, Qualifikationsanforderungen und Lohneffekte. Ihre aktuellen Projekte untersuchen die Rolle von Betrieben bei der Integration von Migranten, die Auswirkungen von Digitalisierung auf Skill-Anforderungen über vier Jahrzehnte hinweg, sowie Arbeitskräfteknappheit und betriebliche Anpassungsstrategien. Für Unternehmen und die öffentliche Hand liefert sie empirische Evidenz darüber, wie technologischer Wandel und Migration Beschäftigungsstrukturen verändern, welche Qualifikationen künftig nachgefragt werden, und wie Betriebe und Arbeitskräfte sich an Marktveränderungen anpassen. Die Erkenntnisse sind relevant für Personalentwicklung, Fachkräftesicherung, Integrationspolitik und strategische Workforce-Planung in allen Branchen.
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Prof. Dr. Alexandra Spitz-Oener
HU-FIS-Profil ↗BSE Insights
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FOR 5675/1: Arbeitskräfteknappheit und die Rolle von Unternehmen im Arbeitsmarkt (TP 01)
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Berlin Doctoral Program in Economics and Management Science (BDPEMS)
university
Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 08/2008 - 02/2011 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Alexandra Spitz-Oener
Zeitraum: 10/2008 - 12/2011 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Alexandra Spitz-Oener
Förderer: DFG Sonderforschungsbereich Zeitraum: 01/2009 - 12/2016 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Alexandra Spitz-Oener
Journal of Labor Economics · DOI
Empirical work has been limited in its ability to directly study whether skill requirements in the workplace have been rising and whether these changes have been related to technological change. This article answers these questions using a unique data set from West Germany that enabled me to look at how skill requirements have changed within occupations. I show that occupations require more complex skills today than in 1979 and that the changes in skill requirements have been most pronounced in rapidly computerizing occupations. Changes in occupational content account for about 36% of the recent educational upgrading in employment.
The Journal of Economic Perspectives · DOI
In the late 1990s and into the early 2000s, Germany was often called “the sick man of Europe.” Indeed, Germany's economic growth averaged only about 1.2 percent per year from 1998 to 2005, including a recession in 2003, and unemployment rates rose from 9.2 percent in 1998 to 11.1 percent in 2005. Today, after the Great Recession, Germany is described as an “economic superstar.” In contrast to most of its European neighbors and the United States, Germany experienced almost no increase in unemployment during the Great Recession, despite a sharp decline in GDP in 2008 and 2009. Germany's exports reached an all-time record of $1.738 trillion in 2011, which is roughly equal to half of Germany's GDP, or 7.7 percent of world exports. Even the euro crisis seems not to have been able to stop Germany's strengthening economy and employment. How did Germany, with the fourth-largest GDP in the world transform itself from “the sick man of Europe” to an “economic superstar” in less than a decade? We present evidence that the specific governance structure of the German labor market institutions allowed them to react flexibly in a time of extraordinary economic circumstances, and that this distinctive characteristic of its labor market institutions has been the main reason for Germany's economic success over the last decade.
The Review of Economics and Statistics · DOI
In this study, we explore a new approach for analyzing changes in the gender pay gap that uses direct measures of job tasks and gives a comprehensive characterization of how work for men and women has changed in recent decades. Using data from West Germany, we find that women have witnessed relative increases in nonroutine analytic and interactive tasks. The most notable difference between the genders is, however, the pronounced relative decline in routine task inputs among women, driven, at least in part, by technological change. These changes explain a substantial fraction of the closing of the gender wage gap.