Prof. Dr. Silvia Kutscher
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SFB 1412/1: Registerkompetenz im Altägyptischen (TP B03)
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sonderforschungsbereich Zeitraum: 01/2020 - 12/2023 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Frank Kammerzell, Prof. Dr. Silvia Kutscher
SFB 1412/2: Registervariation und asymmetrische Kommunikation im Alten Ägypten (TP B03)
Quelle ↗Förderer: DFG Sonderforschungsbereich Zeitraum: 01/2024 - 12/2027 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Silvia Kutscher, Dina Serova
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Publikationen25
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Publication Server of the Institute for German Language (Institute for German Language) · 39 Zitationen
Laz, a sister language of Georgian spoken on the southeastem coast of the Black Sea, is the only member of the South Caucasian family which is spoken primarily in Turkey. Due to the socio-political circumstances all Speakers of Laz living in Turkey are bilingual and use Laz primarily in private communication. Using these observations as a starting point, the paper looks at the question of whether Laz is an endangered language. In order to clarify the sociolinguistic Situation of Laz in Turkey, the different levels involved in the process of gradual language loss (language-extemal factors, speech behaviour and structural consequences within the language system) are dealt with in detail. To determine which data should be taken as basis for the documentation of the language, the paper also discusses linguistic criteria for differentiating between fully competent Speakers of Laz and Speakers who show signs of language attrition.
Linguistics · 33 Zitationen · DOI
In this article, we discuss the meaning and use of positional verbs in the South-Caucasian language Laz. Positional verbs are defined as those verbs which — in combination with one of several locational verbal prefixes (preverbs) — may appear in the basic construction that functions as an answer to a “where” question, the so-called basic locative construction (BLC). Within this class of verbs, we pay particular attention to those positionals which are used regularly in our data to describe the configuration of inanimate movable objects. Laz is shown to be a multiverb language, i.e., a language that uses a comparatively large set of verbs in the BLC. The fourteen verbs in question are PRV-dgun ‘stand’, PRV-ren ‘stand’, PRV-zun ‘lie’, PRV-xen ‘sit, stay’, PRV-bɣun ‘be located as mass’, PRV-mpiy ‘be spread’, PRV-sun ‘be smeared’, PRV-tun ‘cover’, PRV-bun ‘hang’, PRV-nʒoy ‘stick, be stuck’, PRV-n un ‘be dipped’, PRV- abun ‘stick to, be sticky’, PRV- orun ‘be bound’, PRV-gzun ‘burn’. The semantics and the use of these verbs are described in some detail including nontypical configurations, which trigger variation among speakers due to alternative categorizations and prototype effects.
Linguistics · 29 Zitationen · DOI
In this paper we will investigate the meaning and use of positional verbs in colloquial Standard German. Positional verbs are defined as those verbs which may appear in the basic construction that functions as an answer to a “where”-question, the so-called Basic Locative Construction (BLC). Within this class of verbs, we focus on those positionals which are used to describe the configuration of inanimate movable objects. We will demonstrate that German exhibits the characteristics of a positional (or “multiverb”) language, i.e., a language that uses a comparatively large set of verbs in the BLC. The ten positionals used most frequently in our data are stehen ‘stand’, liegen ‘lie’, hängen ‘hang’, lehnen ‘lean’, stecken ‘be in tight fit, be stuck’, klemmen ‘be stuck, be jammed’, kleben ‘stick by means of glue’, haften ‘adhere’, schwimmen ‘be afloat in liquid’, and schweben ‘be afloat’. We will identify the conditions under which the positional verbs are used and provide a semantic characterization for each of them, paying particular attention to alternative categorizations, fuzzy boundaries and prototype effects.
Linguistic Discovery · 17 Zitationen · DOI
This paper gives an overview of the means of expression which are used in descriptions of spatial scenes in Laz. With motion verbs, Laz uses the satellite-framed strategy with motionmanner conflation in the verbal root. Path information is given in preverbal satellites. With respect to locative expressions it belongs to the multi-verb-type languages. Hence, considering the lexical properties of the verb roots, Laz is a rather ordinary language. However, with respect to the semantics of its spatial case system and the semantics of the satellites, i.e. its system of spatial preverbs, it will be shown that Laz is typologically rather unusual.
Oxford University Press eBooks · 14 Zitationen · DOI
This chapter discusses participant-oriented adjuncts in Ardesen Laz, a Kartvelian language spoken in Turkey. Unlike the related language Gregorian, Laz does not demonstrate case agreement of depictives with their controllers. Thus, this chapter argues that Laz only has general adjunct constructions which may have participant-oriented or event-oriented interpretations, including unmarked adjectives and adverbials, and instrumental or locational adjuncts. A vital difference between participant-oriented adjuncts and manner expressions is probably located in the domain of prosodic realization: the former may comprise an intonation unit of their own, while manner expressions are always integrated into the verb phrase.
Language Typology and Universals · 9 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract This paper deals with morphosyntactic and semantic characteristics of the spatial case called motative in the Ardeşen-variety of Laz. The motative can be used to mark the ground-nominal in allative as well as in ablative spatial expressions, while the ground-nominal in static spatial expressions is unmarked for case. Hence, the motative case shows a conflation of the allative with ablative spatial semantics, while at the same time excluding locative spatial meaning. Given that this kind of syncretism has been claimed to be non-existent, the findings for Ardeşen-Laz are of special relevance for the refinement of the typology on spatial case-systems.
Publication Server of the Institute for German Language (Institute for German Language) · 9 Zitationen
Psych-verbs, exhibiting a wide range of construction types, challenge the assumption that verbs sharing the same theta-grid and event structure select the same case patterns. Consequently, previous research has tried to trace back the constructional variants of these verbs to differences in deep syntactic or semantic (event- or causal) structure. However, in German a construction type may exhibit semantically distinct subclasses, and a semantic subclass may have different syntactic realizations. Thus, it is difficult to find general linking patterns of psych-verbs. On the other hand, it is characteristic of psych-verbs to have non-psych-readings as well. We argue that these readings determine case selection. In the centre of our argumentation is the principle of Lexical Economy according to which entries in the mental lexicon are as simple as possible. The case frame must be compatible with all readings of the verb. Thus, the reading with the strongest thematic distinctiveness of each argument is crucial for case selection, typically a reading with a volitional agent and a strongly affected patient. Such readings impose stronger restrictions on case selection than psych-readings. The linking theory of our approach is based on Dowty’s theory of proto-roles (1991) and its modification and implementation in Optimality Theory in Primus (2002).
Publication Server of the Institute for German Language (Institute for German Language) · 7 Zitationen
Psych-verbs have been a touch-stone to linking-theories, which assume that case selection is determined by thematic roles. Though psych-verbs share the same thematic grid (experiencer and stimulus), they show different case frames. Different syntactic (structural) and semantic (event- or causal structure) approaches exist, but at least in German we will show that none of the several approaches to psych-verbs cover all differences and similarities of the several formal classes of psych-verbs in that language. In this paper we argue that the case selection of psych-verbs does not depend on their psychical reading at all. While Functional Expressivity requires that different thematic roles are expressed by different forms, Lexical Economy states that lexical entries should be minimally, i.e. verbs should only provide one case frame. Thus, the case frame of a verb must be compatible to the thematic requirements of all readings of this verb. Researchers paid little attention to the fact that polysemy is characteristic for psych-verbs. Psychverbs have (or have had) other, more specific readings, as well, and occasional psychical readings are possible for most verbs. According to the proto-role approach of Dowty (1991) and its modifications by Primus (1999b, 2002a, 2002b, 2002c), case selection is determined by the grade of agentivity or patientivity of arguments. Concrete readings have stronger agents and patients and make therefore stronger restrictions to case selection, and the psychical reading of a verb is always compatible with this reading. Thus, the case selection of psych-verbs is not affected by its psychical reading.
Ikonizität und Indexikalität im gebärdensprachlichen Lexikon – Zur Typologie sprachlicher Zeichen
2010Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft · 4 Zitationen · DOI
Abstract The paper deals with the iconic and indexical relations of lexical signs in German Sign Language (DGS). It is argued that the theory of signs as established by Charles S. Peirce is particular fruitful with respect to the description and classification of signs in the visual-gestural modality, but also needs some additional discussion on the nature of the relation between sign and reference object. As will be demonstrated, motivated signs in German Sign Language are more complex with respect to indexicality and iconicity as is recognized in contemporary research. Accordingly, the paper discusses the necessity to modify the typology of linguistic signs with respect to sign languages. It will be demonstrated that there has to be established a class of schematic signs within the group of hypoicons. Secondly, it is argued that DGS has a class of motivated but non-iconic signs, which show a designative-indexical relation which relates to the spoken or written form of a word of the oral contact language German. In sum, a modified typology of lexical signs is established which not only includes the sign types symbol, index and (image)icon but also the new types schematic icon and indicator (‘Hinweis’).
3 Zitationen · DOI
Publication Server of the Institute for German Language (Institute for German Language) · 2 Zitationen
In Spoken Egyptian, the form of a linguistic sign is restricted by rules of root structure and consonant compatibility as well as word-formation patterns. Hieroglyphic Egyptian, however, displays additional principles of sign formation. Iconicity is one of the crucial features of a part of its sign inventory. In this article, hieroglyphic iconicity will be investigated by means of a preliminary comparative typology originally developed for German Sign Language (Kutscher 2010). The authors argue that patterns found in Egyptian hieroglyphic sign formation are systematically comparable to patterns of German Sign Language (DGS). These patterns determine what types of lexical meaning can be inferred from iconic linguistic signs.
2 Zitationen · DOI
This volume presents new research by the Topoi group "The Conception of Spaces in Language" on the expression of spatial relations in ancient languages. The six articles in this volume discuss static and dynamic aspects of the spatial grammars of Ancient to Medieval Greek, Akkadian, Hittite, and Hieroglyphic Ancient Egyptian, as well as field data on eight modern languages (Arabic, Hebrew, English, German, Russian, French, Italian, and Spanish). Among the grams discussed are spatial particles, motion verbs, case and, most prominently, spatial prepositions. All ancient language data are fully explained in linguistic word-by-word glosses and are therefore accessible to scholars who are not themselves experts on the respective languages. Taken together, these contributions extend the scope of research on spatial grammar back to the third millennium BCE.
Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) · 2 Zitationen
In der Forschung zu Grammatikalisierungsphänomenen wurden die Untersuchungsergebnisse häufig in Form grafischer Schemata dargestellt. Die einschlägige Forschungsliteratur spricht daher von 'grammaticaiization paths', 'chains' und 'channels'. Die vorliegende Arbeit möchte erstens einen Überblick darüber bieten, welche Grammatikalisierungspfade - und zu welchen traditionellen grammatischen Domänen - bisher vorgeschlagen wurden. Zweitens wird mittels der Zusammenstellung der Pfade in einem Gesamtbild veranschaulicht, wie ein Grammatik-Modell aussehen könnte, dem die Grammatikaiisierungstheorie zugrundeliegt.
Linguistische Berichte (LB) · 1 Zitationen · DOI
This paper deals with some theoretical aspects of how to write a contrastive grammar. Generally, non-diachronic comparative research on grammar can be divided into two subdisciplines: contrastive linguistics and general-comparative, i.e. typological linguistics. Although differing in perspective, method and research aims, both subdisciplines share the problem of how to define appropriate tertia comparationis. This paper discusses various angles from which a contrastive grammar can be organized and shows which tertia comparationis result from which of the different viewpoints. The specific effects on contrastive grammar writing are illustrated by contrasting some German and Estonian data. Finally, the paper argues for taking a functionalsemantic perspective for comparative grammar writing. One example of a functional-semantic oriented contrastive grammar is the project Grammatik des Deutschen im europäischen Vergleich based at the Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS), Mannheim. In conclusion, the paper presents a short overview on the outline of this project.
Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen · 1 Zitationen · DOI

 
 
 The article deals with the constructional variation of emotion predicates in Estonian. It gives an overview of constructional types, including information on their quantitative distribution. I show that one characteristic of Estonian is the formation of pairs of converses, i.e. paired emotion verbs, which have the same emotional semantics but different argument realisation patterns. These converses are based on derivational morphology, such as the causative morpheme -ta ‘CAUS’. Causative derivation has been adduced in the theoretical literature as support for the assumption that the cross-linguistically widespread constructional variation in emotion predicates has its origin in a difference in the causal structure in verbal semantics. The article shows that the data for Estonian contradict this assumption.
 
 
Online-only Publikationen des Leibniz-Instituts für Deutsche Sprache · DOI
In seiner Typologie der inchoativ-kausativen Verbalternation argumentiert Haspelmath (1993) für eine Präferenz des antikausativen Typs in europäischen Sprachen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden auf dieser Basis Alternationspaare im Deutschen, Französischen und Ungarischen betrachtet. Dafür wird die Liste von Verben bzw. metasprachlichen Konzepten verwendet, die Haspelmath entlang einer Spontaneitätsskala anordnet. Diese von Haspelmath (1993) angewendete und in der Sprachtypologieforschung weit verbreitete Methode der metasprachlichen Konzeptliste als Vergleichsgrundlage wird kritisch hinterfragt und in ihrer Anwendbarkeit überprüft. Als Datengrundlage werden dabei neben Elizitierungen und Wörterbüchern auch Korpusabfragen herangezogen. Die Untersuchung liefert dadurch kritische Einblicke in das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen großflächiger typologischer Untersuchung und tiefergehender einzelsprachlicher Betrachtung sprachstruktureller Phänomene. Während die einzelsprachlichen Ergebnisse des Deutschen und die diachronen Befunde des Ungarischen in der generellen Tendenz die haspelmathsche These der Spontaneitätsskala stützen, zeigt eine genauere einzelsprachliche Untersuchung des Französischen, dass die haspelmathsche morphologische Typologie der Alternationspaarbildung um einen weiteren Typ, den antikausativ-labilen, erweitert werden muss. Die vorgelegten Daten liefern so auch interessante neue Ergebnisse für die arealtypologische Betrachtung Europas.
Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)
This paper deals with some theoretical aspects of how to write a contrastive grammar. Generally, non-diachronic comparative research on grammar can be divided into two sub-disciplines: contrastive linguistics and generalcomparative, i.e. typological linguistics. Although differing in perspective, method and research aims, both sub-disciplines share the problem of how to define appropriate tertia comparationis. This becomes even more difficult when writing a comprehensive comparative grammar for two or more languages. This paper discusses various angles from which such a contrastive grammar can be organized and shows which tertia comparationis result from which of the different viewpoints. The specific effects on contrastive grammar writing are illustrated by contrasting data from German and Estonian. Finally, the paper argues for taking a functionalsemantic approach to comparative grammar writing.
This paper deals with some theoretical aspects of how to write a contrastive grammar. Generally, non-diachronic comparative research on grammar can be divided into two sub-disciplines: contrastive linguistics and general-comparative, i.e. typological linguistics. Although differing in perspective, method and research aims, both sub-disciplines share the problem of how to define appropriate tertia comparationis. This becomes even more difficult when writing a comprehensive comparative grammar for two or more languages. This paper discusses various angles from which such a contrastive grammar can be organized and shows which tertia comparationis result from which of the different viewpoints. The specific effects on contrastive grammar writing are illustrated by contrasting data from German and Estonian. Finally, the paper argues for taking a functional-semantic approach to comparative grammar writing.
Publication Server of the Institute for German Language (Institute for German Language)
Publication Server of the Institute for German Language (Institute for German Language)
Publication Server of the Institute for German Language (Institute for German Language)
Introduction
2013(ohne Titel)
2009Linguistische Arbeiten · DOI
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- Name
- Prof. Dr. Silvia Kutscher
- Titel
- Prof. Dr.
- Fakultät
- Kultur-, Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaftliche Fakultät
- Institut
- Institut für Archäologie
- Arbeitsgruppe
- Theorie und Geschichte multimodaler Kommunikation
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