Prof. Dr. Eckhard George

Profil

• Auswirkungen von Mykorrhizainfektion, Stickstoff- und Schwefeldüngung und Wasserversorgung auf die Zusammensetzung und den gesundheitlichen Wert von chinesischen Allium-Gemüsearten

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 10/2003 - 09/2005 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Eckhard George

• Auswirkungen von Mykorrhizainfektion, Stickstoff- und Schwefeldüngung und Wasserversorgung auf die Zusammensetzung und den gesundheitlichen Wert von chinesischen Allium-Gemüsearten (Verlängerung)

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DFG Sachbeihilfe Zeitraum: 10/2005 - 11/2006 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Eckhard George

• Fine root turnover and decomposition as a component of ecosystem carbon budgets

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 08/2003 - 08/2005 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Eckhard George

• Molecular training in microbial ecology

  Quelle ↗

  Förderer: DAAD Zeitraum: 08/2014 - 10/2014 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Eckhard George

• The Re-establishment of Human Resources, Curricula, Systems and Institutions at the Agricultural Faculty of the Syah Kuala University in Aceh

  Quelle ↗

  Zeitraum: 12/2005 - 11/2008 Projektleitung: Prof. Dr. Eckhard George

• Märkischer Saatgutverband Brandenburg e.V.

  P

  64 Treffer64.7%
  • Sortenstrategien bei landwirtschaftlichen Nutzpflanzen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel
    P

    64.7%

• Landesbauernverband Brandenburg e.V.

  P

  64 Treffer64.7%
  • Sortenstrategien bei landwirtschaftlichen Nutzpflanzen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel
    P

    64.7%

• Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz, Landwirtschaft und Flurneuordnung Brandenburg

  P

  64 Treffer64.7%
  • Sortenstrategien bei landwirtschaftlichen Nutzpflanzen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel
    P

    64.7%

• Internationale Vereinigung der Bodenwissenschaften

  PT

  74 Treffer55.9%
  • Langfristige Entwicklung der Bodenfruchtbarkeit sandiger Standorte unter dem Einfluss von ackerbaulichen Maßnahmen
    P

    55.9%

• Rothamsted Research

  PT

  74 Treffer55.9%
  • Langfristige Entwicklung der Bodenfruchtbarkeit sandiger Standorte unter dem Einfluss von ackerbaulichen Maßnahmen
    P

    55.9%

• Aarhus Kommune

  P

  6 Treffer55.8%
  • Integrated Urban Food Policies – Developing Sustainability Co-Benefits, Spatial Linkages, Social Inclusion and Sectoral Connections To Transform Food Systems in City-Regions (FoodCLIC)
    P

    55.8%

• ICLEI Europasekretariat GmbH

  PT

  7 Treffer55.8%
  • Integrated Urban Food Policies – Developing Sustainability Co-Benefits, Spatial Linkages, Social Inclusion and Sectoral Connections To Transform Food Systems in City-Regions (FoodCLIC)
    P

    55.8%
  • Green Infrastructure and Urban Biodiversity for Sustainable Urban Development and the Green EconomySurge
    T

    46.4%

• Ernährungsrat Budapest BUDAPEST FOVAROS ONKORMANYZATA

  P

  7 Treffer55.8%
  • Integrated Urban Food Policies – Developing Sustainability Co-Benefits, Spatial Linkages, Social Inclusion and Sectoral Connections To Transform Food Systems in City-Regions (FoodCLIC)
    P

    55.8%

• ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability - Africa

  P

  9 Treffer55.8%
  • Integrated Urban Food Policies – Developing Sustainability Co-Benefits, Spatial Linkages, Social Inclusion and Sectoral Connections To Transform Food Systems in City-Regions (FoodCLIC)
    P

    55.8%

• Area Metropolitana de Barcelona

  P

  5 Treffer55.8%
  • Integrated Urban Food Policies – Developing Sustainability Co-Benefits, Spatial Linkages, Social Inclusion and Sectoral Connections To Transform Food Systems in City-Regions (FoodCLIC)
    P

    55.8%

• Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Uptake of Phosphorus and Nitrogen From Soil

  1995

  Critical Reviews in Biotechnology · 379 Zitationen · DOI

  Colonization of plant roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can greatly increase the plant uptake of phosphorus and nitrogen. The most prominent contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to plant growth is due to uptake of nutrients by extraradical mycorrhizal hyphae. Quantification of hyphal nutrient uptake has become possible by the use of soil boxes with separated growing zones for roots and hyphae. Many (but not all) tested fungal isolates increased phosphorus and nitrogen uptake of the plant by absorbing phosphate, ammonium, and nitrate from soil. However, compared with the nutrient demand of the plant for growth, the contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to plant phosphorus uptake is usually much larger than the contribution to plant nitrogen uptake. The utilization of soil nutrients may depend more on efficient uptake of phosphate, nitrate, and ammonium from the soil solution even at low supply concentrations than on mobilization processes in the hyphosphere. In contrast to ectomycorrhizal fungi, nonsoluble nutrient sources in soil are used only to a limited extent by hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Side effects of mycorrhizal colonization on, for example, plant health or root activity may also influence plant nutrient uptake.

• Extension of the phosphorus depletion zone in VA-mycorrhizal white clover in a calcareous soil

  1991

  Plant and Soil · 355 Zitationen · DOI

• Effect of VA mycorrhizal fungi and rhizosphere microorganisms on root and shoot morphology, growth and water relations in maize

  1990

  New Phytologist · 286 Zitationen · DOI

  summary Maize ( Zea mays L.) was grown in fertilized calcareous soil in pots which were separated by 30 μm nylon nets into three compartments, the central one for root growth and the two outer ones for hyphal growth. The size of each compartment was 40 × 25 × 3 cm. The treatments comprised of sterilized soil, either inoculated with rhizosphere microorganisms (other than VA mycorrhizal fungi), with rhizosphere microorganisms together with a VA mycorrhizal fungus [ Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe] or remained non‐inoculated (sterile control). As inoculum for rhizosphere microorganisms the roots with adhering rhizosphere soil of non‐mycorrhizal maize plants was used. Compared to the non‐inoculated (sterile) control, inoculation with rhizosphere microorganisms did not affect shoot dry weight and morphology, but increased total root length (17 %) and root length per unit root dry weight (35%). The additional inoculation with VA mycorrhizal fungi had no influence on the shoot dry weight but increased area and dry weight of the leaf blades by about 30% and the ratio leaf blade:leaf sheath + stem (w/w) by 41 %. The most profound effect of VA mycorrhizal fungi inoculation was on root growth and morphology. Compared to the non‐inoculated control, root dry weight was decreased by 16%, root length by 31 % and root hair density and length by 41 and 43 %, respectively. In mycorrhizal plants the transpiration rates per plant were about 30 % higher than in the other treatments and this is attributed to the larger leaf area. Water uptake rate per unit root length and per unit time was about twice as high in mycorrhizal plants. For several reasons a substantial hyphal water transport seems unlikely. The results stress the necessity of detailed studies on root morphology for interpretation of effects of mycorrhizal fungi on mineral nutrient uptake and water relations in plants.

• Ammonium and nitrate uptake rates and rhizosphere pH in non-mycorrhizal roots of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]

  1991

  Trees · 279 Zitationen · DOI

• Phosphorus depletion and pH decrease at the root–soil and hyphae–soil interfaces of VA mycorrhizal white clover fertilized with ammonium

  1991

  New Phytologist · 272 Zitationen · DOI

  summary To study phosphorus (P) depletion and soil pH changes at the root–soil interface (rhizosphere) and at the hyphaesoil interface, mycorrhizal and non‐mycorrhizal white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants were grown for 7 wk in two sterilized soils (Luvisol and Cambisol) in pots comprising five compartments: a central one for root growth, two adjacent compartments, separated from the central compartment by a nylon net of 30 μm mesh size, for growth of vesicular‐arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal [ Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe] hyphae (hyphal compartments), and two outer compartments, separated from the hyphal compartments by a 0.45 μm membrane, which neither roots nor hyphae could penetrate (bulk soil compartments). Phosphorus was supplied as Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 at a rate of 50 mg P kg −1 soil in the root compartment and 150 mg P kg −1 soil in the hyphal and bulk soil compartments. Nitrogen was supplied as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 at the rate of 300 mg N kg −1 soil uniformly to all compartments. In both soils, shoot dry weight and P uptake were much higher in mycorrhizal plants compared with non‐mycorrhizal plants. Hyphae of VA mycorrhizal fungi contributed 70% (Cambisol) or 80% (Luvisol) to total P uptake of mycorrhizal plants. In the hyphal compartments, concentrations of both H 2 O‐extractable soil P (Cambisol and Luvisol) and NaHCO 3 ‐extractable soil P (Luvisol) were decreased drastically. Soil P depletion profiles developed not only at the root‐soil interface (rhizosphere), but also at the hyphae‐soil interface and extended several millimetres from the hyphae surface into the soil. Likewise, the soil pH was decreased at the root‐soil interface, in the hyphal compartment and also at the hyphae‐soil interface. The results demonstrate that, similarly to roots, hyphae of VA mycorrhizal fungi have the ability to form a P depletion zone and a zone of altered pH in the adjacent soil. Thus, as well as at the root‐soil interface, soil conditions at the hyphae–soil interface may also differ considerably from conditions in the bulk soil.

• Acquisition of phosphorus and copper by VA-mycorrhizal hyphae and root-to-shoot transport in white clover

  1991

  Plant and Soil · 262 Zitationen · DOI

• Water and nutrient translocation by hyphae of <i>Glomus mosseae</i>

  1992

  Canadian Journal of Botany · 224 Zitationen · DOI

  To test the ability of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) hyphae to take up water, phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium, mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal couchgrass (Agropyron repens) or white clover (Trifolium repens) plants were grown in pots with separated compartments for roots and hyphae growth. Soil solution transfer between compartments was blocked by a 2-mm air gap. Total shoot contents of phosphate and nitrogen, but not of potassium, were higher in mycorrhizal plants with access to the hyphal compartment. Hyphal uptake from the outer compartment accounted for 49% of the total phosphate and 35% of the total nitrogen taken up by mycorrhizal plants. This was associated with depletion of extractable phosphate, [Formula: see text]-nitrogen, and also [Formula: see text]-nitrogen in the soil of the hyphal compartments. In contrast, no difference in water loss from the hyphal compartments was measured by tensiometers under well-watered and water-stress conditions whether hyphae were present or not. Severance of the external hyphae did not affect water loss from the outer compartments. The results show the ability of VAM hyphae to transport considerable quantities of phosphate and nitrogen to the plant from soil zones several centimetres from the root. However, there was no evidence for a significant direct water transport by VAM hyphae to plants. Key words: Agropyron repens (couchgrass), Glomus mosseae, nitrogen, phosphorus, vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhiza, water.

• Adaptation of Plants to Adverse Chemical Soil Conditions

  2011

  Elsevier eBooks · 210 Zitationen · DOI

• Phosphorus in forest ecosystems: New insights from an ecosystem nutrition perspective

  2016

  Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science · 204 Zitationen · DOI

  Abstract Phosphorus is one of the major limiting factors of primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems and, thus, the P demand of plants might be among the most important drivers of soil and ecosystem development. The P cycling in forest ecosystems seems an ideal example to illustrate the concept of ecosystem nutrition. Ecosystem nutrition combines and extents the traditional concepts of nutrient cycling and ecosystem ecology. The major extension is to consider also the loading and unloading of nutrient cycles and the impact of nutrient acquiring and recycling processes on overall ecosystem properties. Ecosystem nutrition aims to integrate nutrient related aspects at different scales and in different ecosystem compartments including all processes, interactions and feedbacks associated with the nutrition of an ecosystem. We review numerous previous studies dealing with P nutrition from this ecosystem nutrition perspective. The available information contributes to the description of basic ecosystem characteristics such as emergence, hierarchy, and robustness. In result, we were able to refine Odum's hypothesis on P nutrition strategies along ecosystem succession to substrate related ecosystem nutrition and development. We hypothesize that at sites rich in mineral‐bound P, plant and microbial communities tend to introduce P from primary minerals into the biogeochemical P cycle (acquiring systems), and hence the tightness of the P cycle is of minor relevance for ecosystem functioning. In contrast, tight P recycling is a crucial emergent property of forest ecosystems established at sites poor in mineral bound P (recycling systems). We conclude that the integration of knowledge on nutrient cycling, soil science, and ecosystem ecology into holistic ecosystem nutrition will provide an entirely new view on soil–plant–microbe interactions.

• Effect of stand age on fine-root biomass and biomass distribution in three European forest chronosequences

  2005

  Canadian Journal of Forest Research · 184 Zitationen · DOI

  Fine-root (&lt;2 mm) biomass and biomass distribution were determined in different age-classes of three European forest chronosequences dominated by Fagus sylvatica L., Picea abies (L.) Karst., and Quercus cerris L., respectively. Root samples were taken with the auger method. There was a clear effect of stand age on standing fine-root biomass, with the highest fine-root biomass in adult but not mature stands. The vertical fine-root biomass distribution showed, at all sites, high densities of roots in the top soil layers and with depth a gradual decrease of fine-root biomass density. The difference in total fine-root biomass between the different age-classes appeared to be due to differences in the top soil layers. Fine-root biomass in the lower soil layers was less variable along the life cycle of the forests. Only in very young stands, specific root length of fine roots was higher than in the other age-classes. The present data together with other published values suggest that fine-root biomass in tree stands develops in three phases: rapid increase after a clear-cut harvest up to a maximum of fine-root biomass; a decrease during maturation of the stand; and a steady-state in mature stands.

• Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and two levels of compost supply on nutrient uptake and flowering of pelargonium plants

  2007

  Mycorrhiza · 146 Zitationen · DOI

• Studies of iron transport by arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae from soil to peanut and sorghum plants

  1998

  Mycorrhiza · 131 Zitationen · DOI

• Contribution of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus to the uptake of cadmium and nickel in bean and maize plants

  1996

  Plant and Soil · 129 Zitationen · DOI

• Effects of mycorrhizae and phosphorus on growth and nutrient uptake of millet, cowpea and sorghum on a West African soil

  2000

  The Journal of Agricultural Science · 123 Zitationen · DOI

  Despite numerous reports on the positive effects of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) on plant growth in temperate soils, surprisingly little data exist on the importance of VAM for crop growth on acid sandy soils of West Africa. A pot experiment conducted with local genotypes of pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum L.), sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) and cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) with and without phosphorus (P) application in a sterilized sandy soil from a farmer's field in Niger showed large growth-enhancing effects of VAM. Phosphorus application led to 18- and 24-fold increases in pearl millet root and shoot dry matter independently of VAM, whereas the shoot and root dry matter of sorghum and cowpea depended largely on the interaction between P application and VAM. With P, VAM increased total uptake of P, K, Ca, Mg and Zn by 2·5- to 6-fold in sorghum and cowpea. On severely P deficient West African soils P application can lead to large increases in early root growth, a prerequisite for early mycorrhizal infection and a subsequent significant contribution of VAM to enhanced plant growth and nutrient uptake.

• Effect of crop residues on root growth and phosphorus acquisition of pearl millet in an acid sandy soil in Niger

  1993

  Plant and Soil · 108 Zitationen · DOI

• The small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase is encoded by one of the most abundant translationally regulated maternal RNAs in clam and sea urchin eggs.

  1985

  The Journal of Cell Biology · 106 Zitationen · DOI

  In both clam oocytes and sea urchin eggs, fertilization triggers the synthesis of a set of proteins specified by stored maternal mRNAs. One of the most abundant of these (p41) has a molecular weight of 41,000. This paper describes the identification of p41 as the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, the enzyme that provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. This identification is based mainly on the amino acid sequence deduced from cDNA clones corresponding to p41, which shows homology with a gene in Herpes Simplex virus that is thought to encode the small subunit of viral ribonucleotide reductase. Comparison with the B2 (small) subunit of Escherichia coli ribonucleotide reductase also shows striking homology in certain conserved regions of the molecule. However, our attention was originally drawn to protein p41 because it was specifically retained by an affinity column bearing the monoclonal antibody YL 1/2, which reacts with alpha-tubulin (Kilmartin, J. V., B. Wright, and C. Milstein, 1982, J. Cell Biol., 93:576-582). The finding that this antibody inhibits the activity of sea urchin embryo ribonucleotide reductase confirmed the identity of p41 as the small subunit. The unexpected binding of the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase can be accounted for by its carboxy-terminal sequence, which matches the specificity requirements of YL 1/2 as determined by Wehland et al. (Wehland, J., H. C. Schroeder, and K. Weber, 1984, EMBO [Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.] J., 3:1295-1300). Unlike the small subunit, there is no sign of synthesis of a corresponding large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase after fertilization. Since most enzymes of this type require two subunits for activity, we suspect that the unfertilized oocytes contain a stockpile of large subunits ready for combination with newly made small subunits. Thus, synthesis of the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase represents a very clear example of the developmental regulation of enzyme activity by control of gene expression at the level of translation.

• Nutrient and water uptake by roots of forest trees

  1996

  Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde · 100 Zitationen · DOI

  Abstract Although per growing season nutrient uptake of adequately growing forest trees is less than the nutrient uptake of annual crop species, nutrient uptake per unit root length in trees is considerable. Because of high heterogeneity of soil conditions and root growth in forest soils, modelling of uptake processes is even more difficult for forest than for crop stands. Detailed studies show that white lips of growing tree roots have a high nutrient uptake capacity. However, most root tips are usually colonised by mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi can participate substantially in tree nutrient uptake, in particular in the utilisation of organically‐bound phosphorus and nitrogen in soils. Mycorrhizal hyphae, root tips, and older root zones can all absorb water, but their actual contribution is difficult to assess. In this review, experimental results from our laboratory and literature data are used to describe the potential activity of tree roots and mycorrhizas in nutrient and water uptake. Methodology for in situ measurements must be developed to quantify at different forest sites the actual contribution of mycorrhizas and different root parts.

• Root Observations and Measurements at (Transparent) Interfaces with Soil

  2000

  94 Zitationen · DOI

• Responses of Picea, Pinus and Pseudotsuga roots to heterogeneous nutrient distribution in soil

  1997

  Tree Physiology · 93 Zitationen · DOI

  The spatial distribution of plant-available mineral nutrients in forest soils is often highly heterogeneous. To test the hypothesis that local nutrient enrichment of soil leads to increased root proliferation in the nutrient-rich soil zone, we studied the effects of nutrient enrichment on the growth and nutrient concentrations of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) roots. Three-year-old seedlings were grown for 9 months in split-root containers filled with nutrient-poor forest mineral soil, with one side supplemented with additional mineral nutrients. Root dry weight and root length in Scots pine and Norway spruce were increased in the nutrient-supplemented soil compared with the nonsupplemented side, whereas root growth in Douglas-fir was unaffected by nutrient enrichment. Of the three species examined, Norway spruce exhibited the highest root and shoot growth and the highest nutrient demand. Specific root length (m g(-1)) and the number of root tips per unit root length were not affected by local nutrient addition in any of the species. Despite increased root growth in Norway spruce and Scots pine in nutrient-supplemented soil, their root systems contained similar nutrient concentrations on both sides of the split-root container. Thus, coniferous trees may respond to local nutrient supply by increased root proliferation, but the response varies depending on the species, and may only occur when trees are nutrient deficient. As a response to local nutrient enrichment, increases in root dry matter or root length may be better indicators of pre-existing nutrient deficiencies in conifers than increases in root nutrient concentrations.

• Contribution of Mycorrhizal Hyphae to the Uptake of Metal Cations by Cucumber Plants at Two Levels of Phosphorus Supply

  2005

  Plant and Soil · 85 Zitationen · DOI

• Effects of varied soil nitrogen supply on Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)

  1996

  Plant and Soil · 82 Zitationen · DOI

• Colonisation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mossae enhanced phosphorus uptake from dry soil in Sorghum bicolor L

  2001

  71 Zitationen · DOI

• Root Growth and Response to Nitrogen

  2000

  Ecological studies · 69 Zitationen · DOI

• Effect of plant nitrogen status on the contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae to plant nitrogen uptake

  1999

  Physiologia Plantarum · 69 Zitationen · DOI

  The contribution of hyphae of Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe (BEG 107) to the acquisition of mineral nitrogen by Triticum aestivum L. cv. Hano (wheat) was tested under conditions of low P and high N (+N−P) or low N (−N−P). Mycorrhizal colonisation increased the shoot dry weight and plant tissue concentrations of P and cations. However, N tissue concentrations of mycorrhizal plants were not increased, although nitrate reductase activities were significantly higher (in vivo activity) in +N−P mycorrhizal compared to non‐mycorrhizal roots. Severe plant N deficiency reduced the percentage root length colonised (but not the percentage viable colonisation), hyphal length, total N uptake by hyphae and dry weight of mycorrhizal plants. Although mycorrhizal colonisation did not affect the overall plant N status, hyphae transported 1% (−N−P) and 7% (+N−P) of the N‐labelled NH 4 NO 3 to mycorrhizal plants over 48 h. The higher rate of hyphal N uptake was apparently related to the more extensive hyphal growth at the higher level of plant N supply. However, the hyphal N supply was not sufficiently high to sustain adequate N nutrition of the plants supplied with very low amounts of N to the roots. Conversely, a sufficient N supply to the roots was important for the development of an extensive mycelium.

• Colonisation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae (Nicol. &amp; Gerd.) enhanced phosphorus uptake from dry soil in Sorghum bicolor (L.)

  2004

  Plant and Soil · 67 Zitationen · DOI

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Name

Prof. Dr. Eckhard George

Titel

Prof. Dr.

Fakultät

Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät

Institut

Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften

Telefon

+49 30 2093-46272

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26.4.2026, 01:05:06