Dr. Sarah Hackfort erforscht die Verflechtung von Biologie, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft in der modernen Bioökonomie – konkret: wie lebende Organismen und biologische Prozesse in High-Tech-Produktionssystemen kommerzialisiert und politisch reguliert werden. Ihr fünfjähriges Projekt ‚BioMaterialities' untersucht, wie biophysikalische Vorgänge (etwa in Züchtung, Fermentation oder Gentechnik) mit sozialen Machtverhältnissen, Arbeitsstrukturen und Governance-Entscheidungen zusammenhängen. Das ist für Unternehmen der Biotechnologie, Pharmazie und Agrarwirtschaft relevant, die verstehen wollen, wie ihre Produktionsprozesse gesellschaftlich eingebettet sind und welche Risiken oder Chancen sich aus dieser Verflechtung ergeben. Die Forschung verbindet ethnographische Feldarbeit mit Diskursanalyse und liefert damit Orientierung für nachhaltigere und gesellschaftlich legitimierte Bioökonomie-Strategien.
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Dr. Sarah Hackfort
HU-FIS-Profil ↗BioMaterialities ist ein fünfjähriges Forschungsprojekt, das sich mit der Materialität lebendiger Natur und ihrer Inwertsetzung in der High-Tech-Bioökonomie beschäftigt. Die Forschungsgruppe besteht aus sechs Doktorandinnen und Postdoktorandinnen, die analysieren, wie sich biophysikalische Prozesse mit sozialen Verhältnissen in Bezug auf Produktion, Reproduktion und Politik verschränken und verändern. Die Forschungsgruppe analysiert globale Produktionsnetzwerke, u.a. mit Fokus auf die drei Querschnittsthemen Nachhaltigkeit, politische Partizipation und Ungleichheit in der Bioökonomie. Sie bezieht sich dabei auf Ansätze aus der politischen Ökonomie, der politischen Ökologie, der feministischen Theorie und der kritischen Geographie.
Sustainability · DOI
Digitalization of agriculture is often hailed as the next agricultural revolution. However, little is yet known about its social impacts and power effects. This review addresses this research gap by analyzing patterns of inequality linked to the development and adoption of digital technologies in agriculture and reviewing the strategies developed to reduce these inequalities and challenge the power relations in which they are embedded. Analysis of 84 publications found through a systematic literature review identified five patterns of inequality: (1) in digital technology development; (2) in the distribution of benefits from the use of digital technologies; (3) in sovereignty over data, hardware and digital infrastructure; (4) in skills and knowledge (‘digital literacy’); and (5) in problem definition and problem-solving capacities. This review also highlights the existence of emancipatory initiatives that are applying digital technologies to challenge existing inequalities and to advance alternative visions of agriculture. These initiatives underscore the political nature of digital agriculture; however, their reach is still quite limited. This is partly due to the fact that existing inequalities are structural and represent expressions of corporate power. From such a perspective, digitalization in agriculture is not a ‘revolution’ per se; rather, digital technologies mirror and reproduce existing power relations.
Agriculture and Human Values · DOI
This article asks how the application of digital technologies is changing the organization of the agri-food system in the context of the third food regime. The academic debate on digitalization and food largely focuses on the input and farm level. Yet, based on the analysis of 280 digital services and products, we show that digital technologies are now being used along the entire food commodity chain. We argue that digital technologies in the third food regime serve on the one hand as a continuation of established information and communication technologies, thus deepening certain features of the existing food regime such as the retail sector's control over global commodity chains. On the other hand, digital technologies also introduce new forms of control and value extraction based on the use of data and pave the way for large tech companies to take over market shares in the agri-food sector. Finally, we find that multinational agri-food companies are starting to take on the business models of leading digital tech companies, for instance by developing digital platforms throughout the agri-food system. We argue that this shows that the broader economic restructuring of neoliberal capitalism towards digital capitalism is also making its way into the agri-food system.
Journal of Rural Studies · DOI
The digital transformation of agriculture is widely presented as a path to sustainability and a win-win strategy that benefits the environment, farmers, and consumers alike. However, recent studies show how the digital economy is characterized by monopoly structures, market concentration and corporate power that determine patterns of control over digital technology, distribution of benefits and value creation from data. In the field of agriculture, there is a lack of empirical research on lock-ins that examines in detail the logic of these effects, the actors, and the power dynamics behind them. Yet such insights are exactly what is needed to better understand the effects and to break unsustainable lock-ins towards more sustainable agri-food systems. Drawing on the literature on the political economy of food and agriculture, and on studies of innovation and sustainability transitions, this article aims to fill this research gap. Based on an empirical case study in Germany, it identifies systemic, technological, data, legal, soft, and discursive lock-ins that reinforce existing power relations and farmers' dependence on corporate agro-industrial farming models. It concludes that sustainable transformations in agriculture require a disruption of the identified lock-ins at multiple levels.